[OLD] Biological Molecules - Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are monosaccharides?
single sugars
what are disaccharides?
2 sugars bound to each other
Are monosaccharides or disaccharides soluble and sweet tasting
Both
What are polysaccharides?
Many monosaccharides bound to each other?
Are polysaccharides soluble or insoluble?
Insoluble
Are polysaccharides sweet tasting?
No
2 examples of polysaccharides
starch and cellulose
2 examples of monosaccharides or disaccharides
glucose and maltose
how many carbons does glucose contain in its structure?
6
is glucose a monosaccharide of a disaccharide?
Monosaccharide
How are the carbons in glucose arranged?
Into a ring
What are isomers?
the same molecules but with their atoms arranged in a different structure
How many isomers can glucose exist as?
2
Describe the alpha glucose isomer
carbon number 1 in the ring has an H group above the ring and an OH group below the ring
Describe the beta glucose isomer
carbon number 1 in the ring has an OH group above the ring and an H group below the ring
which carbons do bonds form between when glucose molecules bind to each other to form a polysaccharide?
1 and 4
Why does a chain of beta glucoses have every other molecule rotated ‘upside down’?
because the OH groups are on opposite sides of the ring between a carbon 4 and carbon 1, then second molecule must turn upside down in order to line up the 2 OH groups
What is maltose?
a disaccharide formed by 2 alpha glucose molecules binding to each other
What is the bond in maltose?
an alpha 1, 4 glycosidic bond
What reaction makes the bond in maltose?
A condensation reaction