Obesity Flashcards
Obesity
Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health
What BMI is obese
> 30
Obesogenic environment
Environment that promotes fat storage
Where are fatty acids normally stored
As triaclyglycerol in adipocytes
Why are fatty acids not circulating freely
Would cause oxidative stress
Why do fatty acids undergo lipolysis in excess storage
Enhanced sympathetic state in obesity
Lipotoxicity
Lipids and their metabolites create oxidant stress to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
What causes chronic low level inflammation in obesity
Excess nutrients
What is the main mechanism of increased metabolic and vascular complications, and increased cancer and infection risks in obesity
Chronic low level inflammation
What can gut microbes influence in the host
Inflammation
Fat deposition
Insulin resistance
Obesity comorbidities and complications
Depression
Asthma
NAFLD
gallstones
Infertility
Incontinence
Arthritis
Sleep apnea
CVD
HT
Back pain
Thrombosis
Gout
Stroke
Heart failure
Why does obesity increase susceptibility to infection
Dysregulated immune system
What is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome
NAFLD
How does obesity affect Covid outcome
More severe
What covid related risks are increased in obesity
Hospital admission
Intensive care
Death
Why does obesity worsen Covid outcome
Metabolic impairment of organ functioning
What ethnicities are more prone to central adiposity and have cardio metabolic risks at lower BMI
South Asian
Chinese
Other Asian
Middle Eastern
Black African
Afro carribean
Healthy waist to height ratio
0.4-0.49
What waist:height ratios are healthy, increased central adiposity, and high central adiposity
Healthy - 0.4-49
Incr - 0.5-59
High - 0.6+
