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MET2 > Imaging > Flashcards

Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What affects absorbance of x rays

A

Density of object travelling through

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2
Q

What is the main use of x rays in urology

A

Stones

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3
Q

Why is ultrasound used a lot in urology

A

Urine is liquid

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4
Q

Where are ultrasound waves reflected

A

Phase boundaries

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5
Q

When determines the proportion of ultrasound waves reflected

A

Density

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6
Q

What is suggested if the ureter is very visible on ultrasound

A

Ureteric obstruction

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7
Q

Acoustic shadow

A

ultrasound artifact occurring at boundaries between significantly different tissue impedances, resulting in signal loss and a dark appearance

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8
Q

Does x ray or CT give a higher radiation dose

A

CT

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9
Q

What does positron emission tomography show

A

Metabolically active tissues - metastases

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10
Q

What substance is given to a patient in positron emission tomography

A

Radiolabelled glucose

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11
Q

Why do metastases light up on positron emission tomography

A

Metabolically active

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12
Q

PSMA

A

Prostate specific membrane antigen scanning

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13
Q

Which type of imaging mainly shows anatomy

A

Static

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14
Q

Which type of imaging gives info on function

A

Dynamic

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15
Q

Static imaging used in urology

A

MRI
PSMA
Positron emission tomography
CT
ultrasound
X ray

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16
Q

Dynamic imaging used in urology

A

nuclear imaging

17
Q

3 types of nuclear imaging used in urology

A

MAG3 renogram
DMSA renigram
Bone scan

18
Q

What does a MAG3 renogram give information on

A

Obstruction

19
Q

Is the nuclear tracer bound, filtered or both n MAG3 Renograms and DMSA renograms

A

MAG3 - both
DMSA - bound only

20
Q

What does the tracer bind to in a bone scan

A

Active bine

21
Q

What does a bone scan show

A

Active bone - metastasis, pagets disease

22
Q

2 types of endoscopy

A

Endoluminal
Exoluminal

23
Q

What type of endoscopy uses a natural orifice

A

Endoluminal

24
Q

What type of endoscopy creates a new hole

A

Exoluminal

25
Q

What is used to inflate the abdomen during laparoscopy

A

CO2

26
Q

5 types of endoscopes

A

Flexible fibre optic cystoscope
Rod lens cytoscope
Rod lens nephroscope
Semi rigid fibre optic ureterscope
Flexible fibre optic ureterorenoscope

27
Q

Routes of entry for endoscopy

A

PCNL - Percutaneous nephrolithotomy - through skin
FURS/URS - (flexible) Ureteroscopy - through urethra

MET2 (25 decks)

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