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MET2 > Development Of The Kidneys > Flashcards

Development Of The Kidneys Flashcards

1
Q

Wolffian ducts

A

Precursor of male internal sex organs

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2
Q

Mullerian ducts

A

Precursors of female internal sex organs

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3
Q

What part of the wolffian duct does not degenerate in females

A

Lower portion - forms ureteric bud

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4
Q

What are the 3 embryonic kidneys

A

Pronephric
Mesonephric
Metanephric

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5
Q

What duct do the kidneys form from

A

Mesonephric

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6
Q

What is the only functional embryonic kidney

A

Metanephric kidney

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7
Q

What 2 embryonic structures form the Metanephric kidney

A

Uteteric bud
Metanephric bud

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8
Q

What adult structures form from the ureteric bud

A

Ureter
Renal pelvis
Major and minor calyces
Collecting tubules

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9
Q

What adult structures form from the Metanephric bud

A

Renal glomerulus + capillaries
Bowman’s capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of henle
Distal convoluted tubule

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10
Q

What does the kidney collecting system form from

A

Ureteric bud

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11
Q

What does the nephron form from

A

Metanephric bud

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12
Q

Do the adrenal glands ascend

A

No - develop in situ

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13
Q

Where does the Metanephric kidney develop

A

S1

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14
Q

What happens to the transitory renal arteries

A

Degenerate

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15
Q

What does a failure of the kidneys to ascend cause

A

Ectopic kidney

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16
Q

What is the most common cause of kidney agenesis

A

Failure of uteric bud to meet mesenchyme

17
Q

Kidney agenesis

A

Failure of 1/both kidneys to form

18
Q

What type of kidney agenesis is asymptomatic

A

Unilateral

19
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

Reduction in amniotic fluid

20
Q

Why does bilateral renal agenesis lead to oligohydramnios

A

Kidneys involved in generation of amniotic fluid

21
Q

How does bilateral kidney agenesis lead to failure of lung development

A

Decreased amniotic fluid

22
Q

Bifid ureter

A

Ureter splits in 2

23
Q

What can a bifold ureter lead to

A

Duplicate kidneys
Duplicate ureter

24
Q

Ectopic pelvic kidney

A

Kidney remains in pelvic region

25
Q

Pancake kidney

A

Both poles of kidneys fuse creating 1 very large kidney in pelvic region with normal function

26
Q

Pancake kidney symptoms

A

Asymptomatic

27
Q

Horseshoe kidney

A

Kidneys fuse at 1 pole in pelvic region forming a single u shaped kidney

28
Q

Why can horseshoe kidneys not ascend

A

Blocked by inferior mesenteric artery

29
Q

Polycystic kidney

A

Kidney develop fluid filled cysts

30
Q

What causes polycystic kidneys

A

Defects in formation of tubules of nephron

31
Q

What mutation is the majority of polycystic kidney disease cases associated with

A

PKD-1

32
Q

How does a kidney cyst form

A

Dilation of tubule -> proliferation of cyst epithelium -> cyst epithelium becomes secretory -> fluid secretion into cyst lumen -> cyst enlarged and loses contact with nephron

MET2 (25 decks)

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