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MET2 > Liver Anatomy > Flashcards

Liver Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Why can the liver not usually be palpated

A

Under ribcage

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2
Q

What does the liver sit underneath

A

Right dome of diapragm

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3
Q

4 lobes of the liver

A

Left
Right
Quadrate
Caudate

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4
Q

Is the liver retro or intraperitoneal

A

Intraperitoneal

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5
Q

What is the area of the liver not covered by the peritoneum called

A

Bare area

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6
Q

What is the bare area of the liver

A

Area of liver not covered by peritoneum

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7
Q

5 ligaments of the liver

A

Anterior coronary
Posterior coronary
Falciform
Round / Ligamentum Teres
Left triangular

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8
Q

What is the function of the ductus venosus in the foetal circulation

A

Bypass liver and shunt blood straight to IVC

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9
Q

What is the Ligamentum venosum a fibrosed remnant of

A

Ductus venosus

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10
Q

What is the round ligament of the liver/ Ligamentum Teres a fibrosed remnant of

A

Umbilical vein

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11
Q

What structures run in the free border of the lesser omentum

A

Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery proper
Bile duct

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12
Q

Hepatic portal circulation

A

Deoxygenate blood from the digestive tract passes to the liver before returning to the heart

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13
Q

What vessels join to form the hepatic portal vein

A

Splenic vein
Superior mesenteric vein
Inferior mesenteric vein

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14
Q

What disease leads to cirrhosis

A

Chronic liver disease

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15
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Replacement of liver tissue by fibrosis, scar tissue, and regenerative nodules

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16
Q

Why do varicella increase in size and rupture

A

High pressure of blood

17
Q

Where do oesophageal varies form

A

Gastro oesophageal junction - anastomosis of left gastric vein w oesophageal veins

18
Q

Haematemesis

A

Vomiting blood

19
Q

Most sever complication of cirrhosis

A

Variceal bleeding

20
Q

How are oesophageal varices treated

A

Oesophageal banding

21
Q

What veins are most commonly effected in caput medusae

A

Paraumbilical veins
Intercostal veins
Inferior epigastric veins

22
Q

Most what veins does the inferior rectal vein drain into

A

Internal pudendal vein

23
Q

What vein do the internal pudendal veins and middle rectal veins drain into

A

Internal iliac vein

24
Q

Where does the superior rectal vein drain to

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

25
Q

Ascites

A

Fluid in peritoneal space

26
Q

How does portal hypertension increase lymph formation leading to ascites

A

Incr capillary pressure

27
Q

How does vasodilator production due to portal hypertension lead to ascites

A

Decr bp causes RAAS activation and water+ sodium retention

28
Q

Parts of the biliary tree

A

Right hepatic duct
Left hepatic duct
Cystic duct
Common hepatic duct
Common bile duct
Hepatopancreatic ampulla

29
Q

What vessels does bile flow through in sinusoids

A

Bile canaliculi

30
Q

What connects the common bile duct and duodenum

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

31
Q

Acute cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of gall bladder due to bile flow obstruction

32
Q

Biliary colic

A

Pain in upper right quadrant of abdomen

33
Q

How does a gall stone blocking bile leaving the gall bladder and liver lead to jaundice and biliary colic

A

Bilirubin in bile cannot be broken down so accumulates in blood

34
Q

What does a kidney stone blocking bile leaving the gall bladder cause

A

Biliary colic when gall bladder contracts

35
Q

What does a kidney stone blocking bile leaving the gall bladder and liver cause

A

Jaundice
Biliary colic

36
Q

What does a kidney stone blocking the bile duct and pancreatic duct stop

A

Biliary colic
Jaundice
Pancreatitis

MET2 (25 decks)

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