O. Comm. Lesson 1 to 7 Flashcards

Focuses on: nature function process of communication models of communication comm breakdown like barriers and resolving

1
Q

The act of transferring information from one person, group, object, or place to another.

A

Communication

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2
Q

The general components that give us a sense of what communication is.

A

Nature of Communication

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3
Q

Nature of Comm.
1. Communication is a ________.
2. Communication occurs between ____________.
3. Communication can be expressed ____________.

A
  1. process
  2. two or more people
  3. verbally, nonverbally, or both at the same time
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4
Q

Though communication is generally perceived to happen between two or more people, one can also communicate with _________.

A

themselves

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5
Q

This means that there are a series of steps that happen almost simultaneously for an effective communication to occur.

A

Communication is a Process

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6
Q

What are the 9 elements of comm.?

A

Sender, Message, Encoding, Channel, Receiver, Decoding, Feedback, Context, Barrier

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7
Q

ElementsComm. The speaker or the source of information, thought, or idea.

[Starts the comm. process]

A

Sender

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8
Q

ElementsComm. The information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker through words or actions.

A

Message

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9
Q

ElementsComm. Process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands.

[Answers “how” related questions]

A

Encoding

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10
Q

ElementsComm. The medium or means.

[What was used to send the message?]

A

Channel

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11
Q

ElementsComm. Recipient of message. The person who will decode the message that he got from the sender.

A

Receiver

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12
Q

ElementsComm. Process of interpreting the encoded message received from sender.

[What did I understand from message I received?]

A

Decoding

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13
Q

ElementsComm. The reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver after decoding the message from the sender.

[What was the reply?]

A

Feedback

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14
Q

ElementsComm. The environment and setting where communication takes place such as location, time, place, mood, etc.

[Affects how messages are construced/perceived]

A

Context

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15
Q

ElementsComm. Factors that affect the flow of communication. Any problem or obstacle that makes comm. difficult.

A

Barrier

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16
Q

The primary purpose why people use language.

A

The Functions of Communication

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17
Q

What are the 5 functions of comm.?

A

Control, Social Interaction, Motivation, Emotional Expression, Information Dissemination

SICME
MESIC

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18
Q

FunctionsComm. aka Regulation. Aims to guide or control an individual’s behavior.

A

Control

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19
Q

FunctionsComm. People often tell you what to do. In a form of advice or command. May be expressed implicitly.

20
Q

FunctionsComm. Allows individuals to interact and socialize with others. Produces relationships, develops intimacy, and bond.

A

Social Interaction

21
Q

FunctionsComm. Encourages people to live better and have a more positive outlook. Used to power up preferences, goals, and strenghts.

A

Motivation

22
Q

FunctionsComm. Facilitates people’s expression of their feelings and emotions.

A

Emotional Expression

23
Q

FunctionsComm. Aims to acquire and/or convey information.

A

Information Dissemination

24
Q

A pictorial presentation to show the structure of communication process in which various component elements are linked.

25
3 main types of various models of communication:
Linear Model Interactive Model Transactional Model LIT
26
Models. Communication as a ONE-WAY ACTIVITY where info flows from sender to receiver. * Active Sender & Passive Receiver * No feedback present
Linear Model
27
Models. What are some examples of linear model?
* Radio News Report * Advertisement * Print Media * TV
28
Models. Communication as a TWO-WAY PROCESS. All about give and take. *Exchange of communication from sender to receiver and vice versa. * ALLOWS feedback.
Interactive Model
29
Models. Example of interactive model:
Telephone Convo, Doctor's interview w/ patient and the like.
30
Models. Communicators send and receive messages SIMULTANEOUSLY. Collaborative exchange of messages. * Single discrete comm. act is affected by comm. incidents that come before or after it. * Barriers (eg. noise) may interfere with the flow of comm.
Transactional Model
31
Models. Examples of transact model:
* Everyday talk and interaction * Teacher discussing a lesson * Teacher's virtual meeting
32
What are the 5 types of barriers?
1. Language Barriers 2. Psychological Barriers 3. Physiological Barriers 4. Physical Barrier 5. Attitudinal Barrier
33
Barriers. Linguistic ability. * Terminologies used * Specialist jargon and abbreviations additional: accent, tone, intonations, etc.
Language Barriers
34
Barriers. Concerns the ff.: * Personal worries or stresses * Stress management * Anger * Low self-esteem additional: emotional character and mental limitations.
Psychological Barriers
35
Barriers. May result from receiver's physical state. * Reduced hearing * Poor eye sight * Ill- health additional: limitations of human body and mind (eg. memory, attention, etc)
Physiological Barriers
36
Barriers. Environmental and natural condition. * Technological problems and noise * Hot and crowded room * Thunderstorm and other weather events additional: any structural obstacles that block mobility
Physical Barriers
37
Barriers. Behaviors/ perceptions that prevent people from communicating effectively. * Personal conflicts * Poor management * Resistance to change * Lack of motivation additional: offensive/condescending expressions.
Attitudinal Barriers
38
________ states that strategies must be used to start, to maintain a conversation and to avoid communication breakdown.
Cohen (1990)
39
What are the 7 communicative strategy?
Nomination, Restriction, Turn-taking, Topic Control, Topic Shifting, Repair, Termination NoRTT RoTT
40
Strategies. It suggests to open a topic. A speaker carries this out to collaboratively and productively establish a topic.
Nomination
41
Strategies. Any limitation you may have as a speaker. These instructions confine you as a speaker and limit what you can say.
Restriction
42
Strategies. Gives others the opportunity or chance to talk. This pertains to the process by which people decide who takes the conversational floor.
Turn-taking
43
Strategies. How procedural formality or informality affects the development of topic in conversation. To avoid unnecessary interruptions.
Topic Control
44
Strategies. Involves moving from one topic to another. One part of a conversation ends and where another begins.
Topic Shifting
45
Strategies. How speakers address the problems in speaking, listening, and etc. that they may encounter in a conversation.
Repair
46
Strategies. Refers to the conversation participants' close-initiating expressions that end a topic in a convo. Topic initiator may signal to end discussion as well.
Termination