Gen. Bio. PPTs: The Cell Cycle

Question 1

The actual division of the cell into two new cells.

Answer 1

Cytokinesis

Question 2

The division of the nucleus of the cell into two new nuclei.

Answer 2

Karyokinesis

Question 3

Sometimes cells go through _____ without going through _______.

Answer 3

mitosis; cytokinesis

Question 4

Anatomy Chromosome.
What are the 5 main parts?

Answer 4

p-arm, q-arm, centromere, telomere, chromatids

Question 5

Anatomy Chromosome.
Point where sister chromatids are joined together.

Answer 5

Centromere

Question 6

Anatomy Chromosome.
SHORT arm; upward

Answer 6

p-arm

Question 7

Anatomy Chromosome.
LONG arm; downward

Answer 7

q-arm

Question 8

Anatomy Chromosome.
Tips of the chromosome.

Answer 8

Telomere

Question 9

Fibrous form of DNA and protein.

Answer 9

Chromatin

Question 10

IDENTICAL structures that result from chromosome replication, formed during S phase.

Answer 10

Sister Chromatids

Question 11

A sequence of phase in the life cycle of the cell. Period between two sequential divisions.

Answer 11

Cell Cycle

Question 12

Two main phases in the cell cycle:

Answer 12

Interphase & Mitotic Phase

Question 13

What are the three subparts of Interphase?

Answer 13

Growth (G1)
Synthesis (S)
Growth (G2)

Question 14

Interphase. The cell just finished dividing so it is recovering from mitosis.

Answer 14

G1 or Gap 1

Question 15

Interphase. Here, the DNA replicates.

Answer 15

S or Synthesis stage

Question 16

Interphase. This is preparation for mitosis. Organelles are replicated. More growth occurs.

Answer 16

G2 or Gap 2

Question 17

These are the cell’s control system. A cell cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received here.

Answer 17

Checkpoints

Question 18

What are the 3 checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 18

G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, M checkpoint

Question 19

Which of the 3 checkpoints is the most critical?

Answer 19

G1 checkpoint: It is the first protection from damaged DNA. If there is no go-ahead signal, the cell exits and enters G0, a nondividing state. While if it does, the cell continues on the cycle.

Usually, if the cell pass this stage, it will complete the S, G2, and M phases and divide.

Question 20

When does mitosis begin?

Answer 20

After Gap 2 and ends before Gap 1

Question 21

Two types of regulatory proteins involved in cell cycle control:

Answer 21

Cyclins & Cyclin-dependent Kinases (Cdks)

Question 22

Cdks activity (a) ________ during the cell cycle because it is controlled by (b) _________, so named because their concentrations (c) ________ with the cell cycle.

Answer 22

a. fluctuates
b. cyclins
c. vary

Question 23

A cyclin-Cdk complex that triggers a cell’s passage past the G2 checkpoint into the M phase.

Answer 23

MPF (maturation-promoting factor)