Nitrates Flashcards
1
Q
nitrates are ____ used to treat ____
A
vasodilators; angina pectoris
2
Q
nitrates work directly on ____ instead of through a ____
A
vascular smooth muscle; receptor
3
Q
MOA
A
- causes relaxation of smooth muscle within blood vessels to create vasodilation
- also appears to decrease preload and afterload, reduce workload of heart, reduce O2 demand
4
Q
what are the 3 forms of delivery for nitrates?
A
- IV
- Sublingual (spray, chewable, oral)
- Topical (transdermal patch)
5
Q
What type of nitrate is the first choice for acute attacks?
A
- sublingual
- immediate symptom relief
- can be administered before activity to prevent symptoms
6
Q
nitrate drug names to be familiar with
A
- isosorbide mononitrate
- nitroglycerin
7
Q
What are the special storage requirements for nitrates?
A
- Keep in glass brown bottle to limit light exposure
- Short shelf life (6 mo unopened, 3 mo opened)
- Tingling sensation as drug dissolves = it is active
8
Q
nitrate dosing
A
- After 1st dose: relief should occur within 1-2 min
- 2nd dose if symptoms still present after 5 min
- up to 3 doses in 15 min
- No relief = possible MI
9
Q
nitrate AEs
hint: WORD
A
- weakness
- OH
- reflex tachycardia
- dizziness
