Endocrine Flashcards
growth hormone (somatropin) MOA
- has a role in bone, skeletal muscle and organ growth
- increased red blood cell mass
- transport of water, electrolytes and fluid
growth hormone (somatropin) AE
fluid retention/edema, muscle and joint pain
DDAVP MOA
↓ water excretion by causing ↑ urine concentration
DDAVP AE
dry mouth, hyponatremia
spironolactone MOA
- potassium sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist
- used to treat hyperaldosteronism
- nonselective for aldosterone receptors
spironolactone AE
- General potassium sparing AE: hyperkalemia, lethargy, mental confusion, nausea
- Spironolactone blocks aldosterone receptor which produces gynecomastia in males and menstrual irregularities in females
eplerenone MOA
- potassium sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist
- used to treat hyperaldosteronism
- selective for aldosterone receptors
eplerenone AE
- General potassium sparing AE: hyperkalemia, lethargy, mental confusion, nausea
- Has less AE than spironolactone due to its selectivity
hydrocortisone MOA
-used to treat glucocorticoid deficiency by replacing glucocorticoids
hydrocortisone short-term AE
- hyperglycemia
- mood changes
- fluid retention
- changes in appetite
hydrocortisone long-term AE
- muscle wasting
- delayed wound healing
- increased risk of osteoporosis
- skin thinning
- increased risk of infection
fludrocortisone MOA
treats primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) and prevents hyperkalemia by replacing both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
fludrocortisone AE
same long-term and short-term AE as hydrocortisone
Why might someone with Addison’s disease need higher med doses during times of acute stress?
stress increases the body’s adrenal requirements
When might someone with Addison’s disease require additional hydrocortisone?
before strenuous exercise
