New Zealand Flashcards
T or F? NZ is the world’s easternmost and 2nd southernmost winemaking country
True!
Southernmost vyd in the world?
- No longer in New Zealand: Black Ridge Vyds in Central Otago at 45.15 degrees
- Southernmost in Patagonia, Argentina: Sarmiento, at 45.5 deg S). Made by Otronia Patagonia Extrema by oil magnate Alejandro Bulgheroni
Southernmost vyd in New Zealand
Black Ridge Vyds in Central Otago at 45.15 degrees
Which region is the easternmost region in the world (the first vines in the world to see the sun each day)
Gisborne, North Island
Which major wine regions is nearest to New Zealand in terms of total hectares under vine?
Burgundy
This body of water has greatest moderating effect on the climate in Nelson. It lies to the ___ of NZ.
Tasman Sea, West
Geography and latitude between NZ and Tasmania
same latitude, but Tasmania is 1200 miles due west of NZ
In 1769 Captain James Cook first landed here in NZ
Poverty Bay (near Gisborne, the main center)
In 1819, first vines were planted here ___ by a Christian missionary, Samuel Marsden, though no record of production
Kerikeri, Northland, North Island
T or F? Late 1830s, first record of actual wine production with James Busby, early efforts in New South Wales, planted cuttings at his estate in Northland
True!
Established in 1851, NZ’s oldest surviving winery
Mission Estate – in Taradale, near Hawke’s Bay
Austrian viticulturist who studied NZ’s vineyards and to combat phylloxera
Romeo Bragato
This company created the commercial vineyard in Marlborough in 1973 and released the 1st varietal wine (Gisborne Chard)
Montana
This brand put the Marlborough wine region on the map in 1985. Now under Pernod Ricard NZ
Cloudy Bay
Name a reason why New Zealand wine commands a higher price per bottle than any other country in the world
New Zealand has little land to spare; thus modern, bulk wine production is not economically feasible
The first wine company in Marlborough to commercially release a New Zealand wine under screwcap
Kim Crawford, now owned by Constellation Brands
The most exported wines in NZ
Montana’s Lindauer/Deutz brand sparkling wines (Marlborough)
This major Champagne house collab with Montana
Deutz, 1988
Body of water that separates the North Island from the South Island
Cook Strait
Current number of GIs in NZ
- 21: as of 2020, newest is North Canterbury GI
- including New Zealand GI, North Island GI, and South Island GI
Certified Origin status announced in 1996
- min 85% of a stated grapeor vintage for wines
- whenlabeled with a GI, 85% of grapes must come from the stated GI
- forspirits that are labelled with a GI, 100% of the spirit mustcome from the GI
- as inother New World countries, there are no laws governing enrichment, acidification, pruning, yields, or irrigation techniques.
Climatic difference btw North Island GI and South Island GI
North Island warme, less mountainous, generally much rainier
GIs of North Island GI (6)
- Nearly All Women Brag Giving Head Well
- Northland
- Auckland
- Waikato
- Bay of Plenty
- Gisborne
- Hawkes Bay
- Wairarapa (official name Wellington)
The hottest, wettest of regions, smallest area of production, oldest, with less than 1% of country’s production. Maritime climate
Northland
T or F? Northland’s latitude is comparable to that of Jerez in Spain—although its climate is more often likened to Bordeaux
True!
Unofficial subregions of Northland (3)
- Kaitaia
- Kerikeri
- Whangarei
The most northern vineyard in NZ
Karikari Estate in Kaitaia, in Northland, North Island
Marsden Estate located
Kerikeri in Northland, North Island
NZ’s largest wine region (in size), but less than 2% of country’s output
Auckland
Auckland wineries
- Babiche
- Cable Bay
- Constellation NZ (Nobilo, Monkey Bay, Kim Crawford)
- Kumeu River
- Mate Valley
- Montana (Pernod-Ricard owned)
- Pleasant Valley
- Stonyridge
- Villa Maria
Top grapes grown in Auckland
- Chardonnay: 62 ha
- Merlot: 43 ha
- Syrah: 40 ha
- Pinot Gris: 29 ha
Major Natural Features of Auckland
Pacific Ocean, Waitakere Ranges
Auckland’s official subregions (3), which is the oldest
- Matakana
- Kumeu: oldest
- Waiheke Island
Auckland’s unofficial subregions (5)
- Huapai
- Henderson
- South Auckland
- West Auckland
- Clevedon
This official Auckland subregion is located in the Hauraki Gulf
Waiheke Island
Auckland’s oldest subregion
Kumeu
Bay of Plenty is to the (east or west?) of Waikato
East
Unofficial subregions of Waikato (6)
- Te Kauwhata
- Te Awamutu
- Coromandel Peninsula
- Lake Taupo
- Hamilton
- Rotorua
3 regions with highest production
- Marlborough
- Hawke’s Bay (highest in North Island)
- Gisborne
Unofficial subregions of Gisborne (9)
- Ormond
- Ormond Valley
- Central Valley
- Golden Slope
- Riverpoint
- Manutake
- Patutahi Plateau
- Patutahi
- Waipaoa
Major producers of Gisborne
- mostly white
- Milton “Clos de Ste Anne” (makes single vyd wines from chard, viognier, chenin, syrah, pinot noir), Brunton Road
Leading grapes of Hawke’s Bay
- red: merlot is the leading grape…then cab sauv, malbec, pinot noir, syrah (most of NZ syrah is here)
- white: sauv blanc, chard, p.gris
(sauv blanc starts becoming dominant white variety here; before it’s chardonnay)
T or F? Hawke’s Bay is NZ’s driest, oldest, largest wine region (in vines planted), 2nd largest region (in size), largest producer of red wines
True!
Major producers of Hawke’s Bay
- Bridge Pa
- Craggy Range
- Esk Valley Estate
- Ngatarawa
- Sacred Hill
- Sileni
- Te Mata
- Trinity Hill
Oldest existing winery in NZ with first record of commercial wine sales
Mission Estate Winery, Hawke’s Bay, North Island
The Gimblett Gravels signature soil in Hawke’s Bay was revealed when this river changed its course in 1867
Ngaruroro River Valley
Major cities for Hawke’s Bay
Hastings, Napier
Sole official subregion in Hawke’s Bay
Central Hawkes Bay
Unofficial subregions for Hawke’s Bay (4)
- Coastal Areas
- River Valleys
- Alluvial Plains
- Hillsides
Gimblett Gravels, subregion of the Alluvial Plains, what are the rules?
- producer must be a member of the association
- harvest grapes from a vineyard with 95% of the appellation’s defined soil characteristics
- min 95% of the fruit from within the appellation
Oldest soils in Hawke’s Bay in Alluvial Plains
Bridge Pa, Heretaunga Plains, red metal
Subregions for the Unofficial Coastal Areas, in Hawke’s Bay
- Te Awang(Hawke’s Bay most Maritime and Coastal region — further away from sea and higher elevation)
- Northern Esk Valley
Subregions for the Unofficial River Valleys, in Hawke’s Bay
- Mohaka
- Esk River Valley
- Tutaekuri River Valley
- Ngaruroro River Valley
- Dartmoor Valley
Subregions for the Unofficial Alluvial Plains, in Hawke’s Bay
- Gimblett Gravels
- Korokipo
- Bridge Pa
- Ohiti
Sole subregion for the Unofficial Hillsides, in Hawke’s Bay
Havelock North
Oldest winery in Gimblett Gravels and oldest Syrah vines in New Zealand (1982)
Stonecroft
What type of soil is Greywacke and where is it found in NZ and in the world
- Sandstone. Agillaceous rock that could been formed as recently as a few thousand years ago by rivers depositing mudstone, quartz , and feldspar
- Hawke’s Bay (Gimblett’s Gravels), Marlborough, Gisborne, Canterbury and Nelson
- also found in Germany, South Africa, Portugal, Barossa, Russian River Valley
The Gimblett Gravels signature soil was revealed when this river changed its course in 1867
Ngaruroro River Valley
Official name for Wairarapa GI
Wellington
Main grapes for Wairarapa GI
pinot noir, sauv blanc, p-gris (in decreasing acreage)
Official subregions in Wairarapa (2)
- Gladstone
- Martinborough
Sole unofficial subregion in Wairarapa
Masterton
T or F? South Island is the larger of the 2 islands and divided along its spine by the Southern Alps
True!
Describe the rain shadow effect in the South Island
rainclouds moving eastward from the Tasman Sea deposit all their moisture high in the mountains
T or F? Nelson is NZ’s sunniest wine-producing region and also the rainiest
True!
Unofficial subregions of Nelson (4)
- Waimea Plains
- Motueka
- Tataka (Golden Bay)
- Upper Moutere (Moutere Hills)
This major natural feature divides Marlborough and Nelson
Richmond Ranges
T or F? As of2017 over nearly 70% of NZ’s vineyards were located in Marlborough, andover half of the country’s total acreage was planted with sauv blanc
True!
Unofficial subregions of Marlborough (3)
- Wairau Valley
- Southern Valleys
- Awatere Valley (southernmost)
T or F? Marlborough is the largest region in NZ (in vyds planted), with ~2/3 of nation’s total
True!
Sole official and unofficial subregion in Canterbury
- Official: Waipara
- Unofficial: Canterbury Plains
Banks Peninsula, Christchurch, Omihi, Waitaki Valley, Weka Pass located which region
Canterbury
Newest GI in South Island in 2018
Waitaki North Otago / Waitaki Valley
T or F? Central Otago is the only region in the country to experience a truly continental climate
True!
What explains the ripeness of Central Otago Pinot Noir in spite of its latitude
high levels of solar radiation (from a hole in the ozone layer)
T or F? The world’s southernmost region, and the country’s highest in altitude
True!
Major natural features of Central Otago
Southern Alps, Lake Wanaka, Waitaki River (North Otago)
Unofficial subregions of Central Otago (7)
- Wanaka
- Bendigo
- Cromwell Basin
- Gibbston
- Bannockburn
- Alexandra Basin
Which unofficial subregion has the highest concentration of vineyards in Central Otago
Cromwell Basin
Major producers of Central Otago
Felton Road, Mt Difficulty, Rippon (by Lake Wanaka), Peregrine
Subregions of South Island (4)
- No Man Can Cook Well
- Nelson
- Marlborough
- Canterbury
- Waitaki North Otago / Waitaki Valley
- Central Otago
Name 2 important rivers in Marlborough
Awatere Valley and Wairau Valley
