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_My Cards > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

1
Q

Mountains in Central Valley?

A

Coastal Mountains

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2
Q

Longest mountain range in the world?

A

Andes

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3
Q

Characterization of Chile’s and Argentina’s vineyards and its geography

A
  • Chile’s wine regions owe their ideal growing conditions to their isolation (they are sandwiched between the cold Andes and the cold Pacific)
  • Argentina’s most famous vineyards, typically oases of green set in uncompromisingly arid semi-desert, exist because of altitude
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4
Q

Driest desert on earth?

A

Atacamas

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5
Q

The highest mountain in the Americas?

A

Aconcagua Mountain (22,841 ft)

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6
Q

Name of the Jesuit priest who is credited with introducing the first grapes, likely Pais, to the region that is now Chile in 1548?

A

Francisco de Carabantes

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7
Q

In which decade did a renaissance begin in Chile’s wine industry with the introduction of stainless steel and new oak

A

1980’s

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8
Q

T or F? Chile is the only major winemaking country to remain totally phylloxera-free

A

True! Because of Chile’s many natural boundaries (Pacific ocean, Andes, Atacamas)

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9
Q

What is murgrón?

A
  • a vine replanting system where taking a cane from an existing vine and directing it back into the ground to develop roots and propagate a new plant; also used in Argentina’s flood-irrigated vineyards
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10
Q

Roughly 80% of of all wine in Chile are produced by which 4 companies?

A
  • Concha y Toro
  • San Pedro
  • Santa Rita
  • Santa Carolina
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11
Q

First Chilean producer to export to the US in 1903?

A

Undurraga (Maipo Bajo, Central Region)

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12
Q

Who was the first to import French vines to plant in Chile?

A

Don Silvestre Errázuriz

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13
Q

Climate in Chile

A

Mediterranean

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14
Q

Which wine region is named after the highest peak of the Andes?

A

Aconcagua

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15
Q

In what century were most of the major wineries in Chile established?

A

19th Century

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16
Q

Explain the “El Niño” effect on the Humboldt Current

A

It warms and weakens it, decimating local fish populations and causing increased rainfalls

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17
Q

What grape known locally as Sauvignon Blanc was discovered to be a misnomer?

A

Sauvignon Vert/Sauvignonasse/Friulano

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18
Q

What region to Chile attempt to name a Pisco DO for?

A

Pisco Elqui DO was shot down by the EU in 2013

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19
Q

What year was the DO system put in place in Chile?

A

1994

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20
Q

Give the tiers of DO’s for Chile from largest to smallest

A

Viticultural Region, Subregion, Zone, Area

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21
Q

To label “Costa”,” Entre Cordilleras”, or “Andes”, what percentage of a wine must come from the stated area?

A
  • min 85% of the grapes must be harvested in the appropriate region (not vintage).
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22
Q

As specifically as you can answer, what DO of Chile is MOST affected by the Humboldt Current?

A
  • Casablanca
  • as the western entrance to the Coastal Ranges has a break leaving it directly in the path and a Region 1a on the Winkler Scale
  • Casablanca is located too far from the Andes to get any cooling effect or available water for irrigation
  • Morning fog is created by icy Humboldt currents. It is often compared to Carneros, California
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23
Q

Where are the DO zones of Lleyda Valley and Lo Abarca?

A

San Antonio Valley DO (within Aconcagua DO)

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24
Q

Don Melchior, Almaviva, and Viñedo Chadwick all produce wine from what area within Maipo Valley?

A

Puente Alto, Maipo, Valle Central

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25
Q

Name a producer of wines from Apalta

A
  • Casa Lapostolle

- Viña Montes (Neyen, Vina las Ninas, Ventisquero, etc)

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26
Q

Within what DO would you find wines labeled VIGNO?

A

Maule Valley

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27
Q

Name 3 requirements to label a wine as “VIGNO”

A

1) Min 30 year old vines
2) Min 85% Carignan
3) Min 2 years aging
4) Dry-farmed
5) Cabeza (bush vine training)

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28
Q

Minimum % abv for Chilean DO wines

A

11.5%

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29
Q

Most top 2 planted grapes of Chile

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot

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30
Q

The Camanchaca Fog is a feature of what Chilean sub-region?

A

Limarí DO

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31
Q

What are the soils of Puento Alto DO? Where is it located?

A

Gravel; Maipo Valley DO (within the Valle Central DO)

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32
Q

Malleco DO lies within what region?

A

Sur DO

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33
Q

What is pergola trellising called in Chile?

A

Parron

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34
Q

Who is considered the the Father of Chilean wine?

A

Silvestre Ochagavia Errazuriz

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35
Q

During what 3 months does “vendimia” occur in the Southern Hemisphere?

A

Feb-April

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36
Q

What is MOVI? Name 2 members

A
  • “El Movimiento de Viñateros Independientes”
  • association of producers with emphasis on making quality wine on small scale winemaking
  • Garage Wine Co.
  • Kingston Family
  • Montsecano
  • Villard
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37
Q

Chile’s 6 wine regions (DO) from N to S

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Valle Central
  • Sur
  • Austral
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38
Q

Who and which winery was the first to bottle Carménère as a single variety?

A
  • Alvaro Espinoza at Viña Carmen in Maipo - Espinoza also founded Antiyal in Maipo, the first “garagiste” in Chile
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39
Q

What is “Grand Vidule”?

A
  • synonym for Merlot (the grape originally confused with Carménère plantings)
  • an 18th century Bordelais peasant name for
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40
Q

Cross of Carménère?

A

Cabernet Franc X Gros Cabernet

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41
Q

Who is considered the “patriarch” of Chile’s quality winemaking?

A

Aurelio Montes from Viña Montes

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42
Q

Most planted grape in Chile? Most planted white grape?

A

Cab Sauv (+30%); Sauv Blanc

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43
Q

Seña and Viñedo Chadwick are from which winery?

A

Errázuriz

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44
Q

Minimum % required for Varietal/Vintage/Region Labeling?

A
  • 75%

- many wineries observe an 85% minimum for all 3 categories, in order to comply with EU standards for export

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45
Q

Most northerly DO region in Chile?

A

Atacama

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46
Q

Most northerly sub-region in Chile?

A

Copiasco Valley

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47
Q

Subregions of Atacama (2)?

A
  • Copiasco Valley

- Huasco Valley

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48
Q

Subregions of Coquimbo (3)?

A
  • El-Lim-Cho
  • Elquí
  • Limarí
  • Choapa
49
Q

Subregions of Aconcagua (3)?

A
  • Snake-has-snake-movie-city-MargZ
  • Aconcagua Valley
  • Casablanca Valley
  • San Antonio Valley
  • Marga-Marga Valley
  • Zapaller - two DO areas that are not contained within any subregions but in the Valparaíso admin region
50
Q

T or F? Marga-Marga and Zapallar from Aconcagua are considered “Costa”

A

True!

51
Q

Central Valley sub-regions (4)

A
  • Central has Mai-Rap-Cur-Maul
  • Maipo
  • Rapel Valley
  • Curicó Valley
  • Maule Valley
52
Q

Sur DO sub-regions (3)

A
  • It-Bio-Mall
  • Itata Valley
  • Bío Bío Valley
  • Malleco Valley
53
Q

DOs of Austral (2)

A
  • Cautin Valley

- Osorno Valley

54
Q

Almaviva is a collaboration between which 2 wineries? Which region in Chile is it from?

A

Mouton and Concha Y Toro; Puente Alto in Maipo

55
Q

“Seña” is a collaboration between which 2 wineries? Which region in Chile is it from?

A

Errázuriz and Mondavi; Aconcagua

56
Q

“Clos Apalta” is made by which winery, and which famed French oenologist is directly involved?

A

Casa Lapastolle, Michel Rolland; Apalta (Colchagua)

57
Q

T or F? Both Don Melchor and Almaviva are made by Concha Y Toro

A

True!

58
Q

Antinori’s winery in Maipo?

A

Haras de Pirque

59
Q

Which subregion would you most likely find higher amount of plantings of Syrah?

A

Elquí Valley

60
Q

Birthplace of Chilean Pisco

A

Limarí Valley

61
Q

Which subregion is Chile’s narrowest point (60 miles wide), where the Andes and Coastal Mountains converge

A

Choapa Valley (Coquimbo)

62
Q

Geographically, where would you mostly find “Costa” designations?

A
  • encompasses westerly appellations within Limarí, Casablanca, San Antonio, Colchagua and Itata
63
Q

Geographically, where would you mostly find “Entre Cordilleras” designations?

A
  • “between mountains”

- covers the central appellations where 60% of Chile’s wine is produced

64
Q

Geographically, where would you mostly find “Andes” designations?

A

the high eastern appellations within Elquí, Choapa, Maipo, Cachapoal, Curicó, Maule

65
Q

What type of soil would you mostly find on the western part of Chile?

A

ancient granite and, in some places, schist and slate

66
Q

What type of soil would you mostly find on the Central Plain of Chile (between the Coastal Range and the Andes)?

A

deep clay, loam, silt and sand; where soils tend to be colluvial or alluvial

67
Q

Name the 4 extreme natural barriers that define Chile’s wine regions

A
  • Driest desert in the world (Atacama)
  • Andes Mountains
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Fray Jorge National Park
68
Q

Which wine placed ahead of both Ch Lafite and Ch Margaux in the 2004 Berlin Tasting?

A

2000 “Viñedo Chadwick” from Errázuriz

69
Q

Pablo Morandé’s contribution to Chilean wine?

A

pioneered the Casablanca Valley region in 1982, also a former winemaker at Concha Y Toro

70
Q

Which Alsatian producer has a collab project in Casablanca and what is the name of the winery?

A
  • André Ostertag from Domaine Ostertag - “Montsecano” (also MOVI)
71
Q

Which region in Aconcagua is the most coastal/maritime region?

A
  • San Antonio Valley - vyds as close as 2.5 miles from the Pacific ocean, cooler than Casablanca
72
Q

What is Maipo Valley’s major city? And between which two mountains is Maipo located?

A
  • Santiago

- Maipo sandwiched between the Andes on the East and Coastal mountains on the West

73
Q

Which Argentinian region is directly across from the Central Valley region across the Andes?

A

Mendoza

74
Q

T or F? The most central, most productive and known region in Chile is the Central Region

A

True!

75
Q

“Alto Maipo” a region where elevation is more than 2,000 feet, contains which 2 subregions?

A
  • Puente Alto
  • Pirque
  • both classed as “Maipo Alto”
76
Q

What is Central Valley’s warmest and most Mediterranean climate?

A

Maipo

77
Q

Name 3 producers from Maipo

A
  • Almaviva
  • Antiyal
  • Cousiño Macul (the only 19th century winery in Chlle that remains in the hands of the original founding family)
  • Viña Carmen
  • Concha Y Toro ‘Don Melchior’
  • Santa Rita
  • Santa Carolina
  • Haras de Pirque
  • Ventisquero
  • Odfjell
  • De Martino
78
Q

Name the (2) DO zones of Rapel Valley

A
  • Cachapoal Valley

- Colchagua Valley

79
Q

What is the Lafite project with Santa Rita in Colchagua Valley?

A

Los Vascos

80
Q

Name (2) other famed wineries in Colchagua

A
  • Casa Lapostolle (“Clos Apalta”) - in Apalta Valley
  • Viña Montes (“Montes Alpha M”) - in Apalta Valley
  • Viña Montes (“Purple Angel”)
  • Vina Casa Silva (Altura)
81
Q

Which region accounts for almost half the country’s plantings of Carménère?

A

Colchagua Valley

82
Q

The first to import oak barrels to Chile

A

Miguel Torres from Spain

83
Q

T or F? Maule Valley sub-region in Central Valley is Chile’s oldest wine region, and the largest in size and production

A

True!

84
Q

Which region did Miguel Torres build his winery in 1979?

A

Curicó in Central Valley

85
Q

Curicó Valley’s (2) zones

A
  • Teno Valley

- Lontue Valley

86
Q

Maule Valley’s (3) zones

A
  • Claro Valley
  • Loncomilla Valley
  • Tutuvén Valley
87
Q

This river runs through Colchagua and brings clear meltwater down from the Andean peaks

A

Tinguiririca

88
Q

Chile’s biggest wine producer?

A

Concha Y Toro

89
Q

Panquehue is home to which iconic Chilean family and where is it located?

A

Errázuriz; Aconcagua

90
Q

T or F? The quality of Viña Aquitania’s Sol de Sol Chardonnay from Malleco was then first internationally recognized wine that encouraged others to extend the Chilean wine map even further south

A

True!

91
Q

Most of the Chasselas grape is grown in Bío Bío, what is it called in Chile?

A

Corinto

92
Q

What countries border Chile?

A

Peru and Bolivia to the north and Argentina to the east

93
Q

Where is Tabali based?

A
  • Limarí

- Gaining reputation for good Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay

94
Q

Where is Veramonte winery and who owns it?

A
  • Casablanca

- Owned by the Huneeus family (Quintessa, Flowers, etc)

95
Q

When was San Antonio Valley first planted?

A

1997 by Vina Leyda

96
Q

Name 2 producers from San Antonio Valley?

A

Vina Leyda, Casa Marin, Matetic, Amayna

97
Q

Sole official recognized zone in San Antonio Valley?

A

Leyda Valley

98
Q

Where is the Apalta Area?

A

Colchagua, Entre Cordilleras -> Rapel -> Valle Central

99
Q

What was the first vintage of Almaviva?

A
  1. Concha y Toro; Mouton Rothschild
100
Q

Who owns Los Vascos?

A

Lafite Rothschild since 1988

101
Q

Cono Sur is a subsidiary of what larger winery?

A

Concha y Toro

102
Q

T or F? Chile is the longest and thinnest country on earth

A

True!

103
Q

Most planted grape variety in San Antonio Valley?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

104
Q

Chile’s oldest winery?

A

Viña Carmen (founded in 1850)

105
Q

Main grapes used to make Pisco?

A
  • Moscatel (Muscat de Alexandria)
  • Moscatel Rosada
  • Moscatel de Austria (Torrontés Sanjuanino)
  • Torontel (Moscatel Amarillo, a progeny of País x Muscat of Alexandria)
  • Pedro Jimenez
106
Q

Which Chile region is known for its terra rossa soils?

A

Limarí (in Coquimbo)

107
Q

Most planted grape in Limarí?

A

Chardonnay

108
Q

Which DO stretches for more than half the country’s width, encompassing Andes, Entre Cordilleras, and Costa area?

A

Aconcagua Valley

109
Q

What is Aconcagua Valley’s most important producer today and one of Chile’s red wine stars?

A

Viña Errázuriz, established in 1870

110
Q

White varieties compose ____% of the total vineyard in Casablanca Valley?

A

75%

111
Q

Despite the absence of phylloxera, Casablanca’s sandy soils are a magnet for this pest?

A

Nematodes

112
Q

Maipo’s major city?

A

Santiago

113
Q

Central Valley’s warmest areas?

A

Rapel Valley

114
Q

Unofficially, many divide the Maipo Valley into which three areas?

A
  • Alto Maipo, at elevations of 400-600m or higher in the piedmont of the Andes
  • Medio Maipo, the central area
  • Maipo Costa/Maipo Bajo, the lowest-lying vineyards in the southwest
115
Q

Where in Chile is Concha Y Toro’s main winery located?

A

Maipo Valley -> Alto Maipo -> Pirque

116
Q

Rapel River, for which the valley is named, is formed at the confluence of which 2 rivers?

A

Cachapoal and Tinguiririca Rivers

117
Q

This area is home to more Cabernet Sauvignon and Carmenère than any other region in the country

A

Colchagua -> in Rapel Valley

118
Q

Within which DO zone is the Valle de San Antonio located?

A

Valle de Leyda DO

_My Cards (42 decks)

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