Neuroscience: cranial nerves Flashcards
Cranial Nerve XII
Hypoglossal
tongue movements
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Hypoglossal LMN injury, the tongue will deviate towards…
UMN injury?
- the same side of the injury
- UMN injury: away from side of the lesion
Cranial Nerve XI
Accessory
- Trapezius
- Sternocleidomastoid
lesion of CN XI
ipsilateral trapezius and sternocleidomastoid paralysis
Cranial Nerve X
Vagus
- Parasympathetic: heart, lungs, trachea.
- Motor: pharyngeal (speech), laryngeal.
- Sensory: heart, lungs, gut, taste from base of tongue
CN X lesion
- dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- dysarthria (decreased speech volume)
Cranial Nerve IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
- Parasympathetic: salivation (parotid gland)
- Motor: swallowing and gag reflex (stylopharyngeus muscle)
- Sensory: middle ear, external auditory meatus, pharynx, taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue, parotid gland, visceral sensation
taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue
IX, Glossopharyngeal
Cranial Nerve VIII
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
- Cochlear: hearing
- Vestibular: balance
Sensory information from utricle and saccule and ampullae of the semicircular canals
Vestibular portion, CN VIII
Cranial Nerve VII
Facial Nerve
- Parasympathetic: lacrimal and salivary (no parotid gland)
- Motor: facial muscles, eye blink reflex (closing)
- Sensory: taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
CN VII lower motor neuron lesion
Bell’s Palsy
ipsilateral paralysis of one side of the face
CN VII upper motor neuron lesion
contralateral paralysis of one-quarter of the face
Cranial Nerve VI
Abducens
- horizontal eye movements (abducting)
Cranial Nerve V
Trigeminal Nerve
- Motor: muscles of mastication, jaw jerk reflex (stretch reflex), corneal reflex (blink in response to touching cornea)
- Sensory: facial Sensation, sensation from mouth, muscle spindle of the muscles of mastication and extraocular muscles
All sensation from the face and mouth is transmitted by the ________ nerve
Trigeminal, CN V
Muscle spindle of the muscles of mastication and extraocular muscles
CN V, trigeminal
Jaw jerk reflex
CN V, trigeminal
Cranial Nerve IV
Trochlear
- Motor: contralateral superior oblique muscle (Moves eye downward if already pointed medially
Cranial Nerve III
Oculomotor
- Motor: superior, medial, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique
- Parasympathetic: pupillary constrictor muscle (constriction of pupils), ciliary muscle of lens (focusing of the eye)
Cranial Nerve II
Optic Nerve
vision
(terminates in the thalamus)
Cranial Nerve I
Olfactory Nerve
Smell
Cranial Nerves & Reflexes
A physical therapist attempts to assess the integrity of the vestibulocochlear nerve by administering the Rinne test on a patient with a suspected upper motor neuron lesion. After striking the tine of the tuning fork to begin vibration, which bony prominence should the therapist utilize to position the stem of the tuning fork?
Mastoid process
A physical therapist attempts to assess the integrity of the vestibulocochlear nerve by administering the Weber test on a patient with a suspected upper motor neuron lesion. After striking the tine of the tuning fork to begin vibration, which bony prominence should the therapist utilize to position the stem of the tuning fork?
middle of the skull
