Neurology Flashcards
What is the central nervous system?
Brain
Spinal cord
Oligodendrocytes
What is the peripheral nervous system?
Everything other than Brain and Spinal cord
Schwann cells
What is the autonomic nervous system?
Automatic stuff
What is the somatic nervous system?
Moving your muscles
What is the parasympathetic system?
Rest-and-Digest
(=> slows stuff down)
How does the parasympathetic system behave?
DUMBBELS
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis “constrict”
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstrict
Erection “point”
Lacrimation
Salivation
What is the sympathetic system?
Fight-or-Flight
(=> speeds stuff up)
How does the sympathetic system behave?
Opposite of Parasympathetics
Constipation
Urinary retention
Mydriasis “eyes wide with fright”
Tachycardia
Bronchodilate
Ejaculation “shoot”
Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Where is NE synthesized?
Locus cerulean of the pons
What happens to NE in anxiety?
Goes up
What happens to NE in depression?
Goes down
Where is dopamine synthesized?
Ventral tegmentum and SNc in the midbrain
What happens to dopamine in Huntington’s?
Goes up
What happens to dopamine in Parkinson’s and depression?
Goes down
Where is serotonin synthesized?
Raphe nucleus
What happens to serotonin in Parkinson’s?
Goes up
What happens to serotonin in anxiety and depression?
Goes down
Where is ACh synthesized?
Basal nucleus of Meynert
What happens to ACh in Parkinson’s?
Goes up
What happens to ACh in Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s?
Goes down
What does the forebrain or prosencephalon give rise to?
Telencephalon -> Cerebral Hemispheres
Diencephalon -> Thalamus
What does the midbrain or mesencephalon give rise to?
Mesencephalon -> midbrain
What does the hindbrain or rhombencephalon give rise to?
Metencephalon -> pons and cerebellum
Myelencephalon -> medulla
What is Cushing’s triad?
HTN
Bradycardia
Elevated ICP
