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Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Which cytokine do macrophages produce?

A

IL-1

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2
Q

Which cytokines do Th cells stimulate?

A

Everything other than IL-1

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3
Q

Which enlarged lymph nodes are most likely malignant?

A

Supraclavicular
Epitrochlear (above elbow)
Inguinal

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4
Q

Who are the CD8 cells?

A

Tk (killer) or Ts (suppressor) cell

Responds to MHC-1 (self)

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5
Q

Which of your cells express MHC-1?

A

All except RBCs and platelets

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6
Q

Who are the CD4 cells?

A

Th (helper) cell

Responds to MHC II (non-self)

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7
Q

What type of immunity does Th1 provide?

A

Cell-mediated

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8
Q

What do Th1 cells secrete?

A

IFN-gamma

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9
Q

What do Th2 cells secrete?

A

IL-4
IL-5
IL-6
IL-13

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10
Q

What type of immunity does Th2 provide?

A

Humoral

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11
Q

What do B cell deficiency patients die of?

A

Bacterial infection

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12
Q

What is Common Variable Hypogammaglobulinemia?

A

Kids w/ B cells don’t differentiate into plasma cells
=> low Ab

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13
Q

What is Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia?

A

Young adults w/ defective Tyr kinase
=> no Ab

X-Linked recessive

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14
Q

What is Job’s Syndrome?

A

Red headed females
Stuck in IgE stage

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15
Q

What is multiple myeloma?

A

Multiple osteolytic lesions
IgG
Lots of Kappa light chains
Rouleaux formation

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16
Q

What is Heavy Chain Disease?

A

IgA
Multiple myeloma of GI tract

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17
Q

What is Selective IgG2 deficiency?

A

Recurrent encapsulated infections

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18
Q

What is Selective IgA deficiency?

A

Transfusion anaphylaxis
Mucous membrane infections

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19
Q

What is Hairy Cell Leukemia?

A

Fried egg/sunburst appearance
TRAP pos

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20
Q

What is Ataxia Telangiectasia?

A

Low IgA
Neuro problems

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21
Q

What is HyperIgM syndrome?

A

High IgM
All other Ab are low

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22
Q

What do T-cell deficiency patients die of?

A

Viral infection
CMV
EBV

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23
Q

What is DiGeorge Syndrome?

A

No thymus/inferior parathyroids
Low calcium

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24
Q

What is Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis?

A

T cell defect against Candida albicans
Chronic fatigue

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25
What is SCID?
No thymus Frayed long bones Baby dies by 18 mo Adenosine deaminase deficiency X-linked recessive
26
What is Wiscott-Aldrich?
Low IgM Low platelets High IgA Eczema Petechiae
27
What does the CD4 count tell you?
Status of HIV (Normal CD4 = 1000)
28
What does the viral load tell you?
Progression of HIV
29
What organs have the most CD4 receptors?
Blood vessels Brain Testicles Cervix Rectum
30
What are the 3 tests used to screen for HIV?
ELISA -> detects IgG Ab to p24 Ab Western blot -> see >2 proteins PCR -> detects virus (use in babies >18 months)
31
What is the definition of AIDS?
CD4 <200 microL OR Clinical symptoms
32
What are the Live vaccines?
“use MMR B/C it VaRYS” - Mumps - Measles (= Rubeola = 2w measles) - Rubella (= German measles = 3d measles) - BCG - Varicella - Rotavirus - Yellow fever - Sabin polio (oral)
33
What is primary biliary cirrhosis?
Anti-mitochondrial Ab Pruritus Females
34
What is primary sclerosing cholangitis?
p-ANCA Ab Bile duct inflammation Onion skinning IBD
35
What is Type I Autoimmune Hepatitis?
Anti-SM Ab Young women
36
What is Type II Autoimmune Hepatitis?
Anti-LKM Ab Kids
37
What is Bullous pemphigoid?
Anti-hemidesmosome Ab Skin bullae
38
What is Celiac sprue?
Anti-gliadin Ab Eating wheat/gluten => steatorrhea
39
What is the antibody associated with CREST syndrome?
Anti-centromere Ab
40
What are the antibodies associated with dermatitis herpetiformis?
Anti-BMZ Ab Anti-endomysial Ab Vesicles on anterior thigh and extensor surfaces of forearms
41
What is associated with dermatomyositis?
Anti-Jo-1 Ab Myositis + rash
42
What is associated with DM type 1?
Anti-islet cell Ab Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase Ab Polyuria Polydipsia Weight loss
43
What is associated with drug-induced SLE?
Anti-histone Ab Caused by HIPPPE - hydralazine - INH - phenytoin - Procainamide - Penicillamine - Ethosuximide
44
What is associated with Gastritis type A?
Anti-parietal cell Ab Atrophic gastritis Adenocarcinoma
45
What is associated with Goodpasture’s?
Anti-GBM Ab Attacks lung and kidney RPGN Crescents in kidney
46
What is associated with Grave’s disease?
Anti-TSHr Ab -> non-cytotoxic b/c Ab causes thyroid hormone to be produced instead of destroying the gland T2 HSR Hyperthyroid Bug eyes Pretibial myxedema
47
What is associated with Guillain-Barré?
Anti-ganglioside Ab Ascending paralysis 2 wk after URI
48
What is associated with Hashimoto’s?
Anti-microsomal Ab (= anti-TPO) Hypothyroid T2 HSR
49
What is associated with ITP?
Anti-platelet Ab Anti-glycoprotein 2b/3a Ab Thrombocytopenia
50
What is associated with Mixed CT disease?
Anti-RNP Ab Dx of exclusion
51
What is associated with Mononucleosis?
heterophile Ab Teenager w/ sore throat
52
What is associated with MPGN Type II?
Anti-C3 convertase Ab = C3 nephritic factor
53
What is associated with multiple sclerosis?
Anti-myelin Ab Middle-aged female w/ vision problems
54
What is associated with Myasthenia gravis?
Anti-ACh receptor Ab Female w/ ptosis Weaker as day goes by
55
What is associated with Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (=hemolysis)?
Donath-Landsteiner Ab Red blood cell hemolysis in cold temperatures
56
What is associated with pemphigus vulgaris?
Anti-desmosome Ab Skin sloughs off when touched Oral ulcers
57
What is associated with pernicious anemia?
Anti-IF Ab Vit B12 deficiency => megaloblastic anemia
58
What is associated with polyarteritis Nodosa?
p-ANCA Ab (= anti-MPO) Attacks gut and kidney
59
What is associated with post-strep glomerulonephritis?
ASO Ab Nephritic w/ complement deposition
60
What is associated with Rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid factor (= IgM antibodies to the Fc region of IgG) Pain worse in the morning
61
What is associated with scleroderma?
Anti-Scl 70 = anti-topoisomerase Fibrosis Tight skin
62
What is associated with Sjögren’s?
Anti-SSA Ab Dry “sand” in eyes Dry mouth Arthritis
63
What is associated with SLE?
Anti-dsDNA Anti-smooth muscle Anti-cardiolipin Rash Photosensitivity Oral ulcers
64
What is associated with SLE cerebritis?
Anti-neuronal Ab Anti-ribosomal Ab
65
What is associated with vitiligo?
Anti-melanocyte Ab White patches
66
What is associated with warm hemolysis?
Anti-Rh Ab Bleeds at body temp
67
What is associated with Wegener’s?
c-ANCA Ab (= anti-PR3) Attacks ENT, lungs, kidney
68
What is HSP?
IgA disease 2 weeks after gastroenteritis
69
What is Berger’s?
IgA disease 2 weeks after URI
70
What is Alport’s?
IgA disease Associated with deafness and cataracts
71
What disease is associated with HLA-A3?
Hemochromatosis
72
What diseases are associated with HLA-B27?
PAIR - Psoriatic arthritis - Ankylosing spondylitis - Inflammatory bowel disease - Reactive arthritis (= Reiter’s syndrome) All are associated with sacroiliitis
73
What disease is associated with HLA-DQ2/DQ8?
Celiac disease
74
What diseases are associated with HLA-DR2?
Multiple sclerosis Hay fever SLE Goodpasture Syndrome
75
What diseases are associated with HLA-DR3?
DM 1 SLE Graves’ disease
76
What diseases are associated with HLA-DR4?
Rheumatoid arthritis DM 1
77
What diseases are associated with HLA-DR5?
Pernicious anemia Hashimoto’s

PP Clues (31 decks)

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