Neuroanatomy Practical 1 Flashcards
Which cranial fossa does the temporal lobe lie in?
Middle cranial fossa
Which artery gives rise to the posterior cerebral artery?
Vertebral/basilar system
What sits in the posterior cranial fossa?
Brainstem and cerebellum –> not the occipital lobes as these sit above the cerebellum
What separates the frontal and parietal lobes?
Central sulcus
When talking about the cerebrum, what is the dorsal aspect the same as?
The superior aspect
When talking about the cerebrum, what is the ventral aspect the same as?
Ventral = inferior surface of cerebrum
What is the corpus callosum?
- Connects the two hemispheres
- Consists of white matter fibres
- Part of telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres)
- Is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
What suture is this? What does it separate?
Coronal suture - divides frontal bone from parietal bones
What suture is this?
Sagittal suture separating the 2 parietal lobes
Floor of cranial cavity: what fossa is this? What sits here?
Anterior cranial fossa - frontal lobes sits here (one in the right hemisphere of your brain and one in the left hemisphere of your brain)
What sits in the middle cranial fossa?
Temporal lobes
What sits in the posterior cranial fossa?
Cerebellum and brainstem
What is this projection? What attaches here?
- Projection of the ethmoid bone –> crista gali
- Anterior attachment point of falx cerebri
What is the posterior attachment point of the falx cerebri?
Internal occipital protuberance of the occipital bone
What fissure sepaartes the cerebral hemispheres?
Longitudinal fissure/sulcus
What is being pointed to?
Corpus callosum
What is the frontal pole?
One of the three poles of the brain (along with the occipital pole and temporal pole), and corresponds to the anterior most rounded point of the frontal lobe.
What is the temporal pole?
an anatomical landmark that corresponds to the anterior end of the temporal lobe, lying in the middle cranial fossa.
What is the occipital pole?
an anatomical landmark that corresponds to the posterior portion of the occipital lobe
What sulcus/fissure is this?
Lateral sulcus - divides temporal lobe inferiorly from parietal and frontal lobes superiorly
What suclus is this (ventral view)?
Longitudinal
What are these extensions of the telencephalon?
- Dilated area –> olfactory bulb
- Olfactory tract brings fibres to cerebral cortex
What is this?
- Optic chiasm
- Crossing point of 2 optic nerves
Where are the optic nerves and optic chiasm extensions from?
Diencephalon
What structure would normally be hanging from here?
Pituitary stalk/infundibulum - connecting to pituitary gland
What are these two structures? Where have they come from?
- Mamillary bodies
- Part of diencephalon
What is found just lateral to the mamillary bodies?
The midbrain - the cerebral peduncles
What sulcus is this?
Central sulcus
What is the blue pin? Yellow pin?
- Blue pin:
- Fold of grey matter
- The precentral gyrus –> primary motor cortex
- Yellow pin:
- Fold of grey matter
- The postcentral gyrus –> primary somatosensory cortex
What is being pointed to?
Optic nerve (rest has been cut off)
What is this stalk?
Pituitary stalk/infundibulum
From which subdivision did the medulla oblongata come from?
Myelencephalon
From which subdivision did the cerebral hemispheres develop from?
Telencephalon
From which subdivision did the midbrain develop from?
Mesencephalon
From which subdivision did the cerebellum develop from?
The metencephalon
From which subdivision did the pons develop from?
Metencephalon
From which subdivision did the thalamus develop from?
Thalamus
What 1ary structure did the telencephalon and diencephalon develop from?
Prosencephalon
What 1ary structure did the metencephalon and mylencephalon develop from?
Rhombencephalon
What 1ary structure did the mesencephalon develop from?
Mesencephalon
What does the cerebral cortex consist of?
six layers of stacked nerve cell bodies
what term is used to describe cell bodies of neurons in the PNS?
Ganglion
What term is used to describe cell bodies of neurons in the CNS?
nucleus
What is a fasciculus?
Collection of highly organised myelinated axons (fibres)
What is a tract?
a bundle of nerve fibers (axons) connecting nuclei of the central nervous system