AFL 8

Question 1

A lesion involving lower motor neurones can lead to:

absent muscle fasciculations

hyperreflexia

hypertonia

hypotonia

Answer 1

Hypotonia

Question 2

Auditory hair cells are located on the:
Basilar membrane

Tectorial membrane

Tympanic membrane

Vestibular membrane

Answer 2

Basilar membrane

Question 3

Bilateral central scotomas are most likely to arise as a consequence of (choose the best answer):

Damage to the occipital pole

Damage to the blood supply to the thalamus

Midline damage to the optic chiasma

Sectioning of the optic nerve

Answer 3

Damage to the occipital pole

Question 4

Cerebellar outputs concerning the right hemi-body pass to the motor cortex via which peduncle?

Left middle cerebellar

Left superior cerebellar

Right middle cerebellar

Right superior cerebellar

Answer 4

Right superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 5

Damage to the lower motor neurons of the facial nerve on the left leads to:
A dry mouth

A lack of taste sensation on anterior two thirds

An inability to cry

Complete paralysis on ipsilateral hemiface

Answer 5

Complete paralysis on ipsilateral hemiface

Question 6

Decussation of ascending auditory fibres across the midline is likely to occur between which brain regions?

Inferior colliculus

Inferior olivary nucleus

Medial geniculate nucleus

Superior olivary nucleus

Answer 6

Inferior colliculus

Question 7

Descending upper motor neurones from the left cerebral hemisphere innervate all of the following EXCEPT:

contralateral upper face area

contralateral lower face area

ipsilateral upper face area

ipsilateral lower face area

Answer 7

ipsilateral lower face area

Question 8

From lateral to medial, which order do descending upper motor neurones descend through the cerebral peduncle?

Answer 8

Leg, trunk, arm, face

Question 9

Information from the vestibule passes along the vestibulocochlear nerve to which part of cerebellum?

Anterior lobe

Flocculonodular lobe

Posterior lobe

Tonsils

Answer 9

Flocculonodular lobe

Question 10

Information relating to the position of the left hemi-body passes to the cerebellum via which peduncle?

Left inferior peduncle

Left middle peduncle

Right inferior peduncle

Right middle peduncle

Answer 10

Left inferior peduncle

Question 11

Low pitch sound will be interpreted by the:

Distal cochlear duct; lateral Heschl’s gyrus

Distal cochlear duct; medial Heschl’s gyrus

Proximal cochlear duct; lateral Heschl’s gyrus

Proximal cochlear duct; medial Heschl’s gyrus

Answer 11

Distal cochlear duct; lateral Heschl’s gyrus

Question 12

Lower motor neurones from the facial nucleus course around which cranial nerve nucleus as they exit the brainstem?

Answer 12

Abducens

Question 13

Monocular loss of right visual field on the left eye is due to damage to the:

Anterior optic chiasma

Left lateral optic chiasma

Posterior optic chiasma

Right lateral optic chiasma

Answer 13

Left lateral optic chiasma

Question 14

The accommodation reflex involves the following EXCEPT

Constriction of pupils

Contraction of lateral rectus

Convergence of orbits

Rounding of lens

Answer 14

Contraction of lateral rectus

Question 15

The axons found within the optic nerve are from which cell type?

Amacrine

Bipolar

Ganglion

Horizontal

Answer 15

Ganglion

Question 16

The cell bodies of primary cochlear fibres are located in the:

ciliary ganglion

dorsal cochlear nucleus

spiral ganglion

ventral cochlear nucleus

Answer 16

Spiral ganglion

Question 17

The majority of descending motor neurones pass through which aspect of the spinal cord:

Anterolateral

Dorsal

Lateral

Ventral

Answer 17

Lateral

Question 18

The pupillary light reflex relies on two cranial nerves. The afferent limb is formed by the ______; the efferent limb is formed by the ______.

Answer 18

Optic; oculomotor

Question 19

The tectorial membrane projects in to which space of the cochlea?

Cochlear duct

Scala tympani

Scala vestibuli

Vascular stria

Answer 19

Cochlear duct

Question 20

The tensor tympani muscle is innervated by which cranial nerve?

Facial

Glossopharyngeal

Trigeminal

Vestibulocochlear

Answer 20

Trigeminal

Question 21

The visual axis passes through the lens directly on to the:

Ciliary body

Macula

Optic disk

Optic nerve

Answer 21

Macula

Question 22

Visual information from the eye passes to which nucleus of the thalamus?

Medial geniculate

Lateral geniculate

Ventroposterolateral

Ventroposteromedial

Answer 22

Lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 23

Visual information from the left visual field passes to the ______ retina on the ______ eye; and the ______ retina on the _____ eye.

nasal retina on the left eye; and the nasal retina on the right eye

nasal retina on the left eye; and the temporal retina on the right eye

temporal retina on the left eye; and the temporal retina on the right eye

temporal retina on the left eye; and the nasal retina on the right eye

Answer 23

nasal retina on the left eye; and the temporal retina on the right eye

Question 24

Visual information from the right upper area of the visual field travels to the occipital lobe via which part of the optic radiation?

Left upper division

Left lower division (Meyer’s loop)

Right upper division

Right lower division (Meyer’s loop)

Answer 24

Left lower division (Meyer’s loop)

Question 25

All of the following cranial nerve motor nuclei are served bilaterally EXCEPT:

Accessory

Glossopharyngeal

Hypoglossal

Vagus

Answer 25

Hypoglossal