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NPLEX > Neuro l > Flashcards

Neuro l Flashcards

1
Q

What goes through the Acoustic Meatus

A

CN Vll, Vlll

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2
Q

Mnemonic for CN sensory/motor or both?

A

“some say marry money but my brother says be brave, marry mary”

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3
Q

What goes through the Jugular Foramen?

A

Internal Jugular vein, CN lX, X, Xl

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4
Q

What goes through the Superior Orbital Fissure?

A

CN lll, lV, V, Vl

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5
Q

Cowdry Bodies seen where

A

Herpes Viral infx of brain

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6
Q

Negri Bodies seen where

A

Rabies Viral infx of brain

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7
Q

Red Neurons seen where?

A

acute necrosis of neuron in brain

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8
Q

CN lV innervates what?

A

Trochlear

- superior orbital muscle

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9
Q

Nuclei Distribution of CN’s

CN Nuclei 3-12 are located where?

A

Brainstem
3,4 …. midbrain
5,6,7,8 … pons
9,10,11,12 …. medulla

*1,2 located near diencephalon

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10
Q

unmeyelinated C fibers - what CN?

A

CN 1 - olfactory

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11
Q

What is a cause of anosmia?

A

fracture of cribiform plate - severs input to olfactory bulb

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12
Q

Do you smell ammonia?

A

no, it’s a sense of touch - CN V1

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13
Q

What is the 2nd messenger for olfaction?

A

cAMP

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14
Q

What is the 2nd messenger for vision and the rest of the brain?

A

cGMP

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15
Q

when the ciliary muscles of the eye contract what happens to the lens and what kind of vision do you accommodate for?

A

lens bulges

can see near

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16
Q

when the ciliary muscles of the eye relax what happens to the lens and what kind of vision do you accommodate for?

A

lens thin out

far sighted

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17
Q

What produces Aqueous Humor in the Eye?

Where is the Aq Humor located?

A
  • ciliary body

- anterior chamber

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18
Q

Damage to optic chiasm causes?

A

bilateral temporal hemianopsia

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19
Q

Damage to right optic tract causes?

A

lost of LEFT visual field

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20
Q

Damage to left optic nerve causes?

A

loss of LEFT eye vision

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21
Q

PAM is Horny

A

Ptosis, Anhidrosis, Miosis
in Horner’s Syndrome
- lesion of spinal cord above T1

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22
Q

Sensory Nuclei of the CN’s are located where?

A

Lateral Nuclei - aLar plate - of brainstem

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23
Q

Motor Nuclei of CN’s are located where?

A

Medial nuclei - Motor - at basal plate

24
Q

What CN nuclei are located in the PONS?
Midbrain?
Medulla?
Spinal Cord?

A

PONS - 5, 6, 7, 8
MIDBRAIN - 3,4
MEDULLA - 9,10,12
SPINAL CORD - 11

25
Q

PARKINSON mnemonic

A

parkinson TRAPS your body - degeneration of CNS

  • Tremors, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability, Shuffling gait
  • akinesia or bradykinesia is loss of voluntary movement
26
Q

What dz is genetic and characterized by Atrophy of Caudate and decreased levels of GABA and ACh

A

Huntington Dz

27
Q

Resting Tremor relieved with voluntary movement is asso w what Dz?

A

Parkinson Dz - basal ganglia - think no negative feedback

28
Q

Intention Tremor assoc w problems where?

A

Cerebellum

29
Q

eyelid twitch is what movement disorder?

A

Dystonia (improper tone)

30
Q

Lesion of what part of the brain can cause Hemiballismus?

A

Contralateral Subthalamic Nucleus

31
Q

Basal Ganglia
involved in?
receives input from?

A

voluntary movements and postural adjustments

- cortex

32
Q

Striatum consists of?

A

putamen and caudate

33
Q

which pathway disinhibits the thalamus and stimulates motion by release of GABA

A

excitatory pathway of the basal ganglia

34
Q

Caudate is involved in what?

A

tail of basal ganglia
- cognition
(whereas, putamen is motor)

35
Q

VPM is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?

A

Face - input from trigeminal - CN V

- to primary somatosensory cortex

36
Q

VPL is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?

A

pain and temp

- to primary somatosensory cortex

37
Q

LGN or LGB is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?

A

input from CN ll - vision

- Calcarine sulcus

38
Q

MGN or MGB is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?

A

hearing

- auditory cortex of temporal lobe

39
Q

VL is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?

A

motor - input from basal ganglia

- to motor cortex

40
Q

Lesions of the Basal Ganglia can cause what sorts of movement disorders?

A

Chorea, Athetosis

- athetosis - like a snake - “without position”

41
Q

Berry Aneurysm MC artery? complication?

A

Anterior Communicating & Anterior Cerebral —> subarachnoid hemorrhage or stroke

42
Q

What dz is characterized by Chronic HTN that affects small vessels in brain causing aneurysm(s)?

A

Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm

43
Q

What Dz is characterized by neuropathic pain (allodynia, dysaesthesia) dt Thalamic Lesions?

A

Central Post-Stroke pain syndrome

44
Q

What Dz is characterized by B1 Xu and excessive booze drinking that causes lesions in Mammillary bodies of the brain (located between pituitary and brain stem)

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

45
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome mnemonic for Sxs?

A

Wernicke problems come in CAN of beer:

Confusion, Ataxia, Nystagmus

46
Q

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome is assoc with what?

A

Amygdala lesion and HSV-1

47
Q

Inability to make new memories dt lesion in what part of the brain?

A

Hippocampus

48
Q

“From low to high, your pons will die” - assoc w what Dz?

A

Central Pontine Myelinolysis
- caused by overly rapid correction of hyponatremia

“from high to low, your brain will blow” – edema, herniation of brain

49
Q

Stroke of Middle Cerebral Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A
  • motor and sensory cortex, temporal and frontal lobe (SUPPLIES LATERAL SURFACE)
  • UPPER limbs/face
  • CONTRALATERAL LOS, paralysis
50
Q

Stroke of Anterior Cerebral Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A
  • motor and sensory cortex of LOWER limbs

- CONTRALATERAL LOS, paralysis

51
Q

Stroke of Lenticulo-striate Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A

comes off MCA

- CONTRALATERAL hemiparesis/plegia

52
Q

Stroke of Anterior Spinal Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A
  • CONTRALATERAL hemiparesis (upper and lower), decrease proprioception
  • tongue deviates ipsilaterally (hypoglossal N.)
  • MEDIAL MEDULLARY SYNDROME
53
Q

Stroke of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A
  • affects lateral medulla
  • LATERAL MEDULLARY SYNDROME
  • “Don’t PICA horse that can’t eat”
54
Q

Stroke of Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A

LATERAL PONTINE SYNDROME

  • “Facial Droop means AICA’s pooped”
  • ipsilateral Horner’s Syndrome
55
Q

Stroke of Posterior Cerebral Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A

supplies posterior and inferior surfaces - so occipital/visual
- CONTRALATERAL hemianopia

56
Q

Stroke of Basilar Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?

A

“locked-in syndrome”

NPLEX (24 decks)

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