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Neuro l Flashcards

1
Q

What goes through the Acoustic Meatus

A

CN Vll, Vlll

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2
Q

Mnemonic for CN sensory/motor or both?

A

“some say marry money but my brother says be brave, marry mary”

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3
Q

What goes through the Jugular Foramen?

A

Internal Jugular vein, CN lX, X, Xl

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4
Q

What goes through the Superior Orbital Fissure?

A

CN lll, lV, V, Vl

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5
Q

Cowdry Bodies seen where

A

Herpes Viral infx of brain

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6
Q

Negri Bodies seen where

A

Rabies Viral infx of brain

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7
Q

Red Neurons seen where?

A

acute necrosis of neuron in brain

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8
Q

CN lV innervates what?

A

Trochlear

- superior orbital muscle

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9
Q

Nuclei Distribution of CN’s

CN Nuclei 3-12 are located where?

A

Brainstem
3,4 …. midbrain
5,6,7,8 … pons
9,10,11,12 …. medulla

*1,2 located near diencephalon

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10
Q

unmeyelinated C fibers - what CN?

A

CN 1 - olfactory

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11
Q

What is a cause of anosmia?

A

fracture of cribiform plate - severs input to olfactory bulb

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12
Q

Do you smell ammonia?

A

no, it’s a sense of touch - CN V1

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13
Q

What is the 2nd messenger for olfaction?

A

cAMP

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14
Q

What is the 2nd messenger for vision and the rest of the brain?

A

cGMP

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15
Q

when the ciliary muscles of the eye contract what happens to the lens and what kind of vision do you accommodate for?

A

lens bulges

can see near

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16
Q

when the ciliary muscles of the eye relax what happens to the lens and what kind of vision do you accommodate for?

A

lens thin out

far sighted

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17
Q

What produces Aqueous Humor in the Eye?

Where is the Aq Humor located?

A
  • ciliary body

- anterior chamber

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18
Q

Damage to optic chiasm causes?

A

bilateral temporal hemianopsia

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19
Q

Damage to right optic tract causes?

A

lost of LEFT visual field

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20
Q

Damage to left optic nerve causes?

A

loss of LEFT eye vision

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21
Q

PAM is Horny

A

Ptosis, Anhidrosis, Miosis
in Horner’s Syndrome
- lesion of spinal cord above T1

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22
Q

Sensory Nuclei of the CN’s are located where?

A

Lateral Nuclei - aLar plate - of brainstem

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23
Q

Motor Nuclei of CN’s are located where?

A

Medial nuclei - Motor - at basal plate

24
Q

What CN nuclei are located in the PONS?
Midbrain?
Medulla?
Spinal Cord?

A

PONS - 5, 6, 7, 8
MIDBRAIN - 3,4
MEDULLA - 9,10,12
SPINAL CORD - 11

25
PARKINSON mnemonic
parkinson TRAPS your body - degeneration of CNS - Tremors, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability, Shuffling gait - akinesia or bradykinesia is loss of voluntary movement
26
What dz is genetic and characterized by Atrophy of Caudate and decreased levels of GABA and ACh
Huntington Dz
27
Resting Tremor relieved with voluntary movement is asso w what Dz?
Parkinson Dz - basal ganglia - think no negative feedback
28
Intention Tremor assoc w problems where?
Cerebellum
29
eyelid twitch is what movement disorder?
Dystonia (improper tone)
30
Lesion of what part of the brain can cause Hemiballismus?
Contralateral Subthalamic Nucleus
31
Basal Ganglia involved in? receives input from?
voluntary movements and postural adjustments | - cortex
32
Striatum consists of?
putamen and caudate
33
which pathway disinhibits the thalamus and stimulates motion by release of GABA
excitatory pathway of the basal ganglia
34
Caudate is involved in what?
tail of basal ganglia - cognition (whereas, putamen is motor)
35
VPM is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?
Face - input from trigeminal - CN V | - to primary somatosensory cortex
36
VPL is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?
pain and temp | - to primary somatosensory cortex
37
LGN or LGB is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?
input from CN ll - vision | - Calcarine sulcus
38
MGN or MGB is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?
hearing | - auditory cortex of temporal lobe
39
VL is the major relay for sensory info from the ____ to the _____?
motor - input from basal ganglia | - to motor cortex
40
Lesions of the Basal Ganglia can cause what sorts of movement disorders?
Chorea, Athetosis | - athetosis - like a snake - "without position"
41
Berry Aneurysm MC artery? complication?
Anterior Communicating & Anterior Cerebral ---> subarachnoid hemorrhage or stroke
42
What dz is characterized by Chronic HTN that affects small vessels in brain causing aneurysm(s)?
Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm
43
What Dz is characterized by neuropathic pain (allodynia, dysaesthesia) dt Thalamic Lesions?
Central Post-Stroke pain syndrome
44
What Dz is characterized by B1 Xu and excessive booze drinking that causes lesions in Mammillary bodies of the brain (located between pituitary and brain stem)
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
45
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome mnemonic for Sxs?
Wernicke problems come in CAN of beer: | Confusion, Ataxia, Nystagmus
46
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome is assoc with what?
Amygdala lesion and HSV-1
47
Inability to make new memories dt lesion in what part of the brain?
Hippocampus
48
"From low to high, your pons will die" - assoc w what Dz?
Central Pontine Myelinolysis - caused by overly rapid correction of hyponatremia "from high to low, your brain will blow" -- edema, herniation of brain
49
Stroke of Middle Cerebral Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
- motor and sensory cortex, temporal and frontal lobe (SUPPLIES LATERAL SURFACE) - UPPER limbs/face - CONTRALATERAL LOS, paralysis
50
Stroke of Anterior Cerebral Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
- motor and sensory cortex of LOWER limbs | - CONTRALATERAL LOS, paralysis
51
Stroke of Lenticulo-striate Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
comes off MCA | - CONTRALATERAL hemiparesis/plegia
52
Stroke of Anterior Spinal Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
- CONTRALATERAL hemiparesis (upper and lower), decrease proprioception - tongue deviates ipsilaterally (hypoglossal N.) - MEDIAL MEDULLARY SYNDROME
53
Stroke of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
- affects lateral medulla - LATERAL MEDULLARY SYNDROME - "Don't PICA horse that can't eat"
54
Stroke of Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
LATERAL PONTINE SYNDROME - "Facial Droop means AICA's pooped" - ipsilateral Horner's Syndrome
55
Stroke of Posterior Cerebral Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
supplies posterior and inferior surfaces - so occipital/visual - CONTRALATERAL hemianopia
56
Stroke of Basilar Artery affects what part of brain? Sxs?
"locked-in syndrome"

NPLEX (24 decks)

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