Glycogen - KISS Flashcards
To make glycogen, take glucose and make what?
G6P
Glucose -> G6P
- what enzyme?
Hexokinase
- remember, low Km, so high affinity for glucose
- need Mg, ATP
G6P -> G1P
- part of what pathway?
- enzyme?
Glycogenesis
- Phosphoglucomutase (same as glycogenolysis)
G1P -> UDP-Glucose
- part of what pathway?
- enzyme?
Glycogenesis
- G1P Uridyltransferase
UDP-Glucose -> Glycogen (alpha1-4)
Glycogenesis
- Glycogen Synthetase
- ATP required
RLE of Glycogenesis
Activators
Inhibitors
Glycogen Synthetase
Activators: ATP, UTP, Glucose, Insulin
Inhibitors: Glucagon, ADP, UDP
Glycogenesis located where?
Cytoplasm of Muscle, LR, HT, Adrenals
Glycogen -> G1P
enzyme?
Glycogen Phosphorylase - is everywhere
Xu of Glycogen Phosphorylase?
There are two places…
If in the Muscle, McArdle Dz
- feel muscle pain
If in the LR, Her’s Dz (think hepatic)
- enlarged LR
Xu of Alpha 1,4 - Glucosidase?
Pompe’s Dz
- located in the HT
RLE of Glycogenolysis?
Glycogen Phosphorylase and Alpha 1,4-Gluosidase
Glycogen —(alpha 1,4 glucosidase) —>
FREE GLUCOSE
- this happens in the HT!
Glycogen Phosphorylase works to break down glycogen until… then you must use what enzyme which removes how many glucose?
there are 4 glucose left before a branch
- debranching enzyme - removes 3 glucose
What enzyme removes the last glucose molecule from the branch?
Alpha 1,6- Glucosidase
Where does glycogenolysis occur?
Mitochondria
