MS Neck - KISS

Question 1

SCM covers…

Answer 1

• Common Carotid
• Internal Jugular Vein
• Vagus N.
  (all in the carotid sheath)

Question 2

unilateral SCM contraction is called?

Answer 2

Torticollis

Question 3

What lifts up the 1st rib? 2nd rib?

Answer 3

1st rib- Middle Scalene

2nd rib- Posterior Scalene

Question 4

What is anterior to the Anterior Scalene?

Inferior?

Answer 4

anterior is the PHRENIC N.

inferior is the SUBCLAVIAN A.

Question 5

What lies between the Anterior and Middle Scalene?

Answer 5

Brachial Plexus and Subclavian A.

Question 6

What is THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME and what are signs and causes? what is a test is positive?

Answer 6

Compression of structures at base of neck
Eti: pancoast tumor, cervical rib, muscle spasm
SSx: 4th & 5th digit neuropathy, neuropathy of lat. forearm
+ ADSON’S SIGN

Question 7

Bifurcations of common carotid, trachea, abd aorta?

Answer 7

C4, T4, L4

Question 8

other than bifurcation of the common carotid at C4, what is C4 a landmark for?

Answer 8

upper edge of THYROID CARTILAGE

Question 9

Thyroid landmark?

Answer 9

C8,T1 (just think T for thyroid)

Question 10

At bifurcation of Carotid Artery, there is the CAROTID SINUS and CAROTID BODY which do what?

Answer 10

Sinus: stretch response to BP
Body: chemoreceptors to 02

Question 11

Carotid Body is innervated by?

Answer 11

Vagus N

Question 12

Where does the Brachiocephalic Trunk bifurcate and into what?

Answer 12

Sternoclavicular Jt

—> Subclavian and Common Carotid

Question 13

What lies posterior to Subclavian A?

Answer 13

pleura of LU

Question 14

Subclavian then branches up to become the ______ which joins with the ______ to become the Basilar A.

Answer 14

Vertebral Artery… + Anterospinal A. —> Basilar A.

Question 15

Supraclavicular Lacerations/Trauma can cause damage to what?

Answer 15

• Apical Pleura, Inf. trunk of Brachial Plexus, Subclavian Vessels

Question 16

External Jugular V. drains to _____ which then merges with ______ to become _______.

Answer 16

External Jugular V. drains to Subclavian V. which merges with the Internal Jugular V. to become the Brachiocephalic V.

Question 17

If there is a tumor or neck surgery, what N can become damage that leads to voice hoarseness?

Answer 17

Recurrent Laryngeal N.

• innervates vocal cords, larynx, intrinsic muscles
• N. comes from Vagus N.

Question 18

What innervates the diaphragm? cervical to what nerve?

Answer 18

C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive

—> PHRENIC N.

Question 19

Superior Cervical Lymph Nodes drain to? which drains what part of the body?

Answer 19

Thoracic Duct

- everywhere except R upper extremity and R face

Question 20

Blood supply to the Thyroid from?

Answer 20

superior and inferior thyroid A. from External Carotid A. and Thyrocervical Trunk, respectively.

Question 21

Blood supply to Parathyroid?

Answer 21

Inferior Thyroid A. from the Thyrocervical Trunk

Question 22

If the parathyroid is removed, what will happen?

Answer 22

hypocalcemia

Question 23

How do you test for hypocalcemia?

Answer 23

Chvostek Sign - tap Facial N. for twitch

Trousseau Sign - BP cuff to arm for 3min, watch for contractions

Question 24

Neural Crest Cells mnemonic

Answer 24

MOTEL PASS

Question 25

True vs False Vocal Cords

what type of cells?

Answer 25

True: stratified squamous epithelium, muscles
False: respiratory epithelium, no muscle, for resonance of voice

Question 26

What does Atresia mean?

Answer 26

failure of apoptosis

Question 27

Trachea mucosa cell type?

Answer 27

respiratory epithelium aka pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells

Question 28

Esophagus cell type?

innervated by?

Answer 28

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

- Vagus N. - movement and secretion

Question 29

lower 1/3 of esophagus is what type of muscle?

Answer 29

SM … vs top part is skeletal

Question 30

Myenteric - Auerbach for?

Answer 30

MOVEMENT

Question 31

SUBMUCOSAL - MEISSNER

Answer 31

SECRETION