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MSK > Neuro 5 > Flashcards

Neuro 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Vestibulocerebellum

A

balance and coordination

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2
Q

Spinocerebellum

A

adjusts movements as they are occuring

  • corrective feedback to fine-tune motor skills

Lesion = gait is affected because loss of motor coordination

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3
Q

cerebrocerebellum

A
  • planning movements
  • rapid alternating movements
  • fine dexterity (quickness)
  • initiation, termination, coordination and timing of movements
  • motor learning
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4
Q

“wrong distance” can’t judge distance- movements “overshoot”, and then overcompensate

  • patient can’t touch finger to nose, heel to shin - leads to intention tremor
A

dysmetria

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5
Q

the inability to perform rapid alternating muscle movements

A

dysdiadochokinesia

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6
Q

an inability to combine the various components of a movement to create fluid motion.

A

asynergia

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7
Q

“without order” (motor coordination is lost)

A

ataxia

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8
Q

ataxia of laryngeal muscles. jerky articulation, separation of syllables, changing sound intensities

A

Dysarythria

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9
Q

ataxia of ocular muscles. tremor of eyeballs that usually occurs when the patient attempts to fix eyes on an object off to the side.

A

Cerebellar Nystagmus

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10
Q

inability to maintain an upright position (affects gait).
Unstable, wide gait with irregular steps and lateral bending

A

truncal ataxia

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11
Q

low muscle tone

A

hypotonia

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12
Q

Lack of co-ordination between muscles or other body parts which usually work together. (postural abnormalities)

A

Asynergia

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13
Q

what is anterior fossa? What CN?

A

frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid. Only CN I

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14
Q

What is the middle fossa? Which CN?

A

sphenoid and temporal
C II to VI

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15
Q

what is in the posterior fossa?

A

temporal and occipital
CN VII-XII

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16
Q

All cranial nerves innervate the ipsilateral side expect one. Which?

A

CN II

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17
Q

All cranial nerves originate within the brainstem and their nerves exit off the brainstem. Except which two?

A

CN I and II

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18
Q

motor fibers to skeletal musculature (VOLUNTARY)

A

GSE (general somatic efferent)

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19
Q

fibers that carry general sensation (touch, pressure, pain, proprioception , temperature changes, tickle and vibration)

A

GSA (general somatic afferent)

20
Q

motor fibers to smooth muscle, glands, and viscera (INVOLUNTARY)

A

GVE (general visceral efferent)

21
Q

fibers that carry visceral sensation (stretch of organ wall, pain, chemical changes, temperature change)

A

GVA: General visceral afferent

22
Q

What is SVE?

A

Branchial Efferent/Special Visceral Efferent

motor fibers to skeletal, voluntary muscles that developed from branchial (pharyngeal) arches

23
Q

SVA: Special Visceral Afferent for

A

taste and smell

24
Q

SSA: Special somatic afferent for:

A

vision, hearing and balance

25
Q

Exception for C.N. IV

A

The trochlear nucleus sends innervation to the contralateral superior oblique muscle rather than the ipsilateral muscle

26
Q

Exception for C.N. VII

A

The lower part of the facial motor nucleus that innervates the lower face muscles receives ONLY contralateral innervation from the cortex rather than bilateral

27
Q

Exception for C.N. XII

A

Those neurons in the hypoglossal nucleus that innervate the genioglossus muscle receive contralateral innervation from the cortex rather than bilateral

28
Q

Ptosis

A

droopy upper eyelid

29
Q

Mydriasis

A

permanent dilation of pupil

30
Q

strabismus

A

lazy eye
- eye position is down and out
- due unopposed action of superior oblique and abducens muscle

31
Q

Diplopia

A

double vision

32
Q

LR6 SO4 AO3

A
33
Q

Parasympathetic GVE fibers reside ONLY in:

A

CN III: Oculomotor
CN VII: Facial
CN IX: Glossopharyngeal
CN X: Vagus

34
Q

CN III associated ganglion

A

ciliary ganglion

35
Q

CN VII associated ganglion

A

Pterygopalatine & Submandibular Ganglion

36
Q

CN IX associated ganglion

A

Otic Ganglion

37
Q

CN X associated ganglion

A

Various ganglia near visceral organs

38
Q

Branchial Motor (BE/SVE) fibers reside ONLY in nerves associated with pharyngeal (branchial) arches:

A

V3 of V

VII - facial nerve

IX

X superior laryngeal nerve

X recurrently laryngeal nerve

39
Q

Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

A

pain, temperature and light touch

40
Q

The chief or principal nucleus or main sensory nucleus of trigeminal

A

discriminative sensation and light touch as well as conscious proprioception

41
Q

The mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal

A

proprioception

42
Q

sensation of pain elicited without the presence of noxious stimuli

Often develops without any cause

A

Neuralgia

43
Q

what does Neuralgia mainly affect?

A

V2 and V3
- seen in men and women over 50

Aggravated by:
- exposure to cold
- chewing
- brushing
- talking
- touching face

44
Q

what carries GVE and SVA in facial nerve

A

chorda tympani

45
Q

what carries GVE in facial nerve

A

Greater petrosal

46
Q

Corneal Reflex = protects eyes from foreign bodies

Sensory arc: CN __

Motor arc: CN __

A

Sensory arc: CN V1 (touch to the surface of the cornea)

Motor arc: CN VII (orbicularis oculi)

Desired response = bilateral

47
Q

The gag reflex = helps prevent choking

Sensory arc:
Motor arc:

A

Sensory arc: CN IX (touch to base of throat)

Motor arc: CN X (motor response of pharynx)

MSK (30 decks)

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