MSK Test 2 Flashcards
The carpal tunnel contains
- median nerve
- flexor digitorum superfificalis
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pollicis longus
what does not pass through the carpal tunnel
The flexor carpi radialis tendon
What carpal bones surround the carpal tunnel?
hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum, hamate, capitate, trapezoid and trapezium
The only muscle in the forearm innervated by the ulnar nerve is
flexor carpi ulnaris
The ulnar nerve passes between the 2 heads of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
actions of flexor digitorum superficialis:
- flexion of fingers 2-5 AT MCP and PIP joints
- Flexion of hand at wrist joint (flexion of wrist)
- WEAK flexion of forearm
Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP);
Ori:
Proximal anterior & medial surface of ulna - Interosseous membrane
actions of flexor digitorum profundus:
flexion of the wrist, flexion of fingers at all joints
actions of coracobrachialis
flexion of arm and adduction of the arm (especially horizontal)
flexor digitorum profundus is unique because
Dual innervation
* Role of medial and lateral halves of muscle in flexing the fingers
What does the retinacula prevent
bowstringing of the tendons when the hand flexed or hyperextended
at the wrist joint.
what serves as a processing and distribution centre, relaying and regulating information from the outside world and the internal milieu to the cerebral cortex and sustaining cortico-thalamo-cortical communication.
the thalamus
The thalamus also involves multiple activities including….
consciousness, sleep, attention, memory and sensory and motor functions
the ________ is inferior and medial to the thalamus and functions as the centre of the ________ nervous system
hypothalamus- autonomic nervous system
the hypothalamus controls
emotion, body temperature, eating, drinking, etc
The hypothalamus also regulations the function of the major components of the endocrine system through the …..
pituitary gland
epithalamus mainly consists of what gland?
pineal gland
The pineal gland regulates the… and distribution of…
the pineal gland regulates the circadian rhythm (sleep and awake cycle) and distribution of pigment melanin in the skin.
The cerebellum is contained within the… underneath the…
the posterior cranial fossa, underneath the tentorium cerebelli
the cerebellum is behind the medulla and pons from which is separated by the ……
fourth ventricle
It consists of two cerebellar hemispheres connected by a worm-like structure, the…
vermis
It is joined to the brainstem by three bilaterally paired major fibre tracts called the
cerebellar peduncles
the __________ cerebellar peduncles carry axons that connect the cerebellum to the red nucleus of the midbrain and thalamus
superior cerebellar peduncles
the _________ cerebellar peduncles connect the pontine nuclei of the pons to the cerebellum
middle cerebellar peduncles