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MSK > bones of the upper extremities > Flashcards

bones of the upper extremities Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones in the axial skeleton

A

80

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2
Q

how many bones in the appendicular skeleton

A

126

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3
Q

humerus, radius, ulna, carpal bones, metacarpal bone, phalanges

A

upper limb

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4
Q

femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges

A

lower limb

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5
Q

Pelvic Girdle: is made by which bone?

A
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6
Q

Shoulder girdle: is made by which bones?

A
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7
Q

what bone is the only bone that lies horizontally?

A

the clavicle

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8
Q

an “S” shaped bone, anteriorly convex in the medial 2/3 of its length, while the lateral 1/3 is concave anteriorly.

A

the clavicle

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9
Q

clavicle ends

A

sternal end at the sternal
acromial end towards the scapula

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10
Q

on the clavical, near the sternal end, on the lower surface of the clavicle, is the impression for the ________ ligament.

A

costoclavicular

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11
Q

The ______________ for subclavian muscle attachment muscle lies on the inferior surface of the clavicular body. The prominent _______ tubercle lies near the acromial end close to the _________.

A

subclavian groove, conoid, trapezoid line

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12
Q

is a triangular flat bone that lies on the posterolateral aspect of the thorax, overlying the 2nd–7th ribs

A

the scapula (shoulder blade)

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13
Q

name the boarders of the scapula

A

the medial (vertebral) border, a lateral border and a superior border.

which are separated from each other by the superior and inferior angles and the truncated lateral angle

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14
Q

The anterior or costal surface is flat and slightly concave (_____________).

A

subscapular foss

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15
Q

The dorsal surface is divided by the spine of the scapula into a smaller ______________and a larger __________ fossa

A

supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossaa

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16
Q

The spine of the scapula has a triangular base medially, which rises laterally to terminate in a flattened process, the _________.

A

acromion

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17
Q

Near the lateral end lies an oval articular facet for articulation with the clavicle, the ___________.

A

acromial articular facet

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18
Q

what is a readily palpable bony point on the scapula?

A

acromial angle

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19
Q

The lateral angle of the scapula bears the ______ cavity

A

glenoid

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20
Q

Below the glenoid cavity lies the ________ tubercle. The neck of the scapula is adjacent to the glenoid cavity.

A

infraglenoid

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21
Q

The _______ process lies above the glenoid cavity. It is bent at a right angle ventro-laterally

A

coracoid

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22
Q

Medial to the base of the coracoid process, on the upper border of the scapula, lies the ___________

A

suprascapular notch.

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23
Q

what does the humerus consist of?

A

the body and upper (proximal) and lower (distal) ends

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24
Q

The proximal end is formed by the ____ of the humerus, adjoining __________, the _____ tubercle, and the _______ tubercle.

A

The proximal end is formed by the head of the humerus, adjoining anatomical neck, the greater tubercle, and the lesser tubercle.

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25
Q

humerus: Between these tubercles, the intertubercular (bicipital) groove or _______ is located.

A

sulcus

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26
Q

The ___________ lies proximally on the body of the humerus

A

surgical neck

27
Q

humerus: In the middle of the body lies laterally the _____________

A

deltoid tuberosity.

28
Q

humerus: Behind the deltoid tuberosity, there is very shallow sulcus known as __________ (for the ___________).

A

radial groove for the radial nerve

29
Q

Humerus: The body may be divided into an antero-medial surface with a medial border, and an antero-lateral surface with a lateral border, which become sharpened distally and is called the

A

lateral and medial supracondylar ridges.

30
Q

Humerus: The groove for the radial nerve lies on the ________ surface of the body.

A

posterior

31
Q

Humerus: The distal end of the humerus bears on its medial side the large __________ and on the lateral side the smaller ___________.

A

medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle

32
Q

Humerus: The distal end of the humerus—including the trochlea and capitulum, as well as the olecranon, coronoid, and radial fossae—makes up the _______________.

A

condyle of the humerus

33
Q

Humerus: The condyle has two articular surfaces: a lateral __________ (L., little head) for articulation with the head of the radius and a medial, spool-shaped or pulley-like ________ (L., pulley) for articulation with the proximal end (trochlear notch) of the ulna.

A

capitulum, trochlea

34
Q

Humerus: The __________ lies proximal to the _________ and proximal to the trochlea is the somewhat larger __________ (Both fossae are on the anterior surface of the distal end)

A

radial fossa, capitulum, coronoid fossa

35
Q

Humerus: Medial to the trochlea, there is a shallow groove, the sulcus for the ulnar nerve. On the posterior surface above the trochlea is a deep pit, the _____________.

A

olecranon fossa

36
Q

The _______ is the shorter bone on the lateral side of the forearm and consists of a shaft and proximal and distal ends.

A

radius

37
Q

Radius: At the proximal end is the head of the radius bearing the ________Radius: articularis, which is continuous with the articular circumference.

A

fovea

38
Q

Radius: On the transition between the neck of the radius and the shaft lies the ____________

A

radial tuberosity

39
Q

Radius: At the lower end of the radius lies the styloid process and medial to it, is the _________

A

styloid process, ulnar notch

40
Q

Radius: The carpal articular surface faces ______

A

distally

41
Q

Radius: The bony elevation, which lies on the dorsal surface of distal end is called the dorsal tubercle or ________.

A

Lister’s tubercle

42
Q

The medial and longer of the two forearm bones.

A

ulna

43
Q

For articulation with the humerus, the ulna has two prominent projections:

A

The olecranon and the coronoid process

44
Q

projection which projects proximally from its posterior aspect

A

The olecranon

45
Q

projection which projects anteriorly.

A

coronoid process

46
Q

The olecranon and coronoid processes form the walls of the trochlear notch.

A

trochlear notch

47
Q

the tuberosity of the ulna is ________ to the coronoid process

A

inferior

48
Q

On the lateral side of the coronoid process is a rounded concavity, the _______. Which receives the broad periphery of the head of the radius.

A

radial notch

49
Q

Inferior to the radial notch on the lateral surface of the ulnar shaft is a prominent ridge, the ___________.

A

supinator crest

50
Q

Between the supinator crest and the distal part of the coronoid process is a concavity, the _____________.

A

supinator fossa

51
Q

The shaft of the ulna has a medial (interosseous) border that gives attachment to the interosseous membrane.

A
52
Q

At the distal end of the ulna is the head of the ulna with a small, conical ulnar _______________.

A

styloid process

53
Q

In the proximal row from lateral to medial are the

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and superimposed on it the pisiform.

54
Q

In the distal row from lateral to the medial side are the

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate.

55
Q

what is the largest bone in the proximal row? On its palmar surface is a tubercle

A

The scaphoid

56
Q

On the palmar surface of the hamate, there is the _______________ which is curved laterally.

A

hamulus (hook of hamate),

57
Q

The eight carpal bones form an arch called the. Which is concave _______

A

carpal arch, anteriorly

58
Q

The arch is converted into a tunnel by the thinking of the deep fascia on the anterior wrist known as ___________ to a tunnel, the ______ tunnel.

A

flexor retinaculum, carpal

59
Q

_______ tendons and a nerve pass through the tunnel from the forearm to the hand.

A

Nine

60
Q

The _____ metacarpals of the hand each has a head, a shaft and a base.

A

five

61
Q

On all of them, there are articular facets at one end (base) for articulation with the carpals and at the other end (head) for the proximal phalanges.

A
62
Q

Each digit consists of more than one bone, namely a _______, a _____ and a ______ phalanx

A

proximal, middle and distal

63
Q

The only exception is the thumb which has only _____ phalanges, which are

A

twom a proximal and a distal

64
Q

Each phalange has

A

a shaft, a head, and a base.

MSK (30 decks)

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