Introduction to Brachial Plexus​ Shoulder Girdle Muscles​

Question 1

Anterior branches of fully formed spinal nerves that have exited the

Answer 1

intervertebral foramen

Question 2

Lateral pectoral nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 2

Branches of the lateral cord

Question 2

Branches of the ____________ of the plexus arise from the cords of the brachial plexus and are approachable through the axilla.

Answer 2

infraclavicular part

Question 3

Medial pectoral nerve

Medial cutaneous nerve of arm

Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm

Ulnar nerve

Answer 3

Branches of the medial cord

Question 4

Dorsal scapular nerve (from C5 root)

Long thoracic nerve (from C5, 6, 7)

Nerve to subclavius (From superior trunk)

Suprascapular nerve (From superior trunk)

Answer 4

Four branches of the supraclavicular part

Question 5

Upper subscapular nerve

Thoracodorsal nerve

Lower subscapular nerve

Axillary nerve

Radial nerve

Answer 5

Branches of the posterior cord

Question 6

where do the branches head?

Answer 6

laterally / inferiorly away from the midline

Question 7

the 5 branches form

Answer 7

3 cords

Question 8

roots pass through _____ muscles on the lateral aspect of the neck and combine to form three trunks

Answer 8

scalene

Question 9

what roots form the superior trunk

Answer 9

C5 and C6

Question 10

what root forms the middle trunk

Answer 10

C7

Question 11

what roots form the inferior trunk

Answer 11

C8 and T1

Question 12

Each trunk gives off how many branches

Answer 12

Each trunk gives off two branches

Question 13

Which divisions do each trunk give off

Answer 13

an anterior and posterior division

Question 14

These divisions pass underneath the ______ as they head towards the ______

Answer 14

clavicle, axilla

Question 15

Divisions are happening where?

Answer 15

the clavicle

Question 16

Once the anterior and posterior divisions have entered the axilla, they combine together to form _______

Answer 16

three cords

Question 17

the three cords are named by their position relative to the

Answer 17

axillary artery

Question 18

which cord forms from anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunk (lateral to the artery)

Answer 18

the lateral cord

Question 19

which cord forms from posterior divisions from all three trunks (posterior to the artery)

Answer 19

the posterior cord

Question 20

which cord forms from the anterior division of the inferior trunk (medial to artery)

Answer 20

the medial cord

Question 21

what does the axillary artery serve?

Answer 21

the upper limb

originates as a continuation of the subclavian artery

Question 22

Once in the axilla and the proximal aspect of the upper limb, the three cords give rise to

Answer 22

five major branches

Question 23

These nerves continue into the upper limb to provide innervation to the ___________ present.

Answer 23

muscles and skin

Question 24

which cord gives rise to the Musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 24

Lateral cord

Question 25

which cord gives rise to the Axillary and Radial nerves

Answer 25

posterior cord

Question 26

which cords gives rise to the median nerve

Answer 26

lateral and median

Question 27

which cord gives rise to the ulnar nerve

Answer 27

the medial cord

Question 28

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous

Answer 28

C5-C7

Question 29

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous Axillary nerve

Answer 29

C5-C6

Question 30

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous radial nerve

Answer 30

C5-T1

Question 31

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous medial nerve

Answer 31

C5-T1

Question 32

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous ulnar nerve

Answer 32

C8-T1

Question 33

is a flat, triangular muscle, covering the upper and back part of the neck and shoulders.

Answer 33

trapezius

Question 34

Upper Trapezius: External occipital protuberance and the medial superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, from the ligamentum nuchae, the spinous process of C7 Middle Trapezius: SP of T1 to T5 Lower Trapezius: SP of T6 – T12

Answer 34

Origin of trapezius

Question 35

insertion of Trapezius

Answer 35

(All three parts together) Lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion, Spine of scapula

Question 36

Function of upper trapezius

Answer 36

- extension and lateral flexion of the head (mostly bilaterally contralateral) - extension and lateral flexion of the neck - contralateral rotation of head and neck - elevation of scapula - upward rotation of scapula

Question 37

the function of extrinsic back muscles

Answer 37

movement of the upper limbs

Question 38

What are the 3 divisions of the tap

Answer 38

Upper fibres, middle fibers and lower fibers

Question 39

The function of middle trapezius

Answer 39

- retraction (adduction) of scapula

Question 40

Function of lower trapezius

Answer 40

- depression of scapula - upward rotation of scapula

Question 41

which is the weakest of the three sections of the trapezius

Answer 41

the lower

Question 42

Ori: SPs of C7 & T1 Ins: Medial (vertebral) border of scapula at the root of the spine

Answer 42

rhomboids minor ori and ins

Question 43

Ori: SPs of T2-T5 Ins: Medial (vertebral) border of scapula inferior to spine

Answer 43

rhomboids major ori and ins

Question 44

function of rhomboids

Answer 44

- retraction (adduction) of scapula - elevation of the scapula - downward rotation of the scapula

Question 45

innervation of rhomboids

Answer 45

dorsal scalpular nerve

Question 46

Ori: TPs of C1-C4 Ins: Medial border of scapulae (above the spine of scapula)

Answer 46

Ori and Ins of Levator Scapulae

Question 47

function of Levator Scapulae

Answer 47

- extension of neck at the spinal joints - lateral flexion of the neck at the spinal joints - ipsilateral rotation of the neck at the spinal joints - elevation of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint - downward rotation of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint

Question 48

innervation of Levator Scapulae

Answer 48

Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 49

Ori: 3rd to 5th ribs Ins: Coracoid process

Answer 49

Pectoralis minor ori and ins

Question 50

the function of Pectoralis minor

Answer 50

- protraction of the scapula - downward rotation of the scapula - depression of scapula - elevation of ribs 3-5 at sternocostal and corticospinal joints (during forced inhalation when the scapula is fixed)

Question 51

innervation of Pectoralis minor

Answer 51

N: Medial pectoral

Question 52

Ori: First rib Ins: Subclavian groove of the clavicle

Answer 52

Subclavius ori and ins

Question 53

Subclavius function

Answer 53

depression of clavicle at the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

Question 54

innervation of the Subclavius

Answer 54

nerve to subclavius

Question 55

Ori: Upper nine ribs Ins: Anterior surface of vertebral (medial) border of scapula

Answer 55

Serratus anterior ori and ins

Question 56

Serratus anterior function

Answer 56

protraction (abduction) of scapula upward rotation of the scapula

Question 57

innervation of Serratus anterior

Answer 57

N: Long thoracic nerve (C5,6,7)

Question 58

what is a wing scapula?

Answer 58

when there is an injury to the long thoracic nerve which produces paralysis (weakness) or the serratus anterior muscle muscle will pop off the ribcage and look like a wing - abnormal protrusion - will effect the motion of the arm because of the glenohumeral joint injury to C5C6C7 is a wing to heaven

Question 59

Ori: - Clavicular head: - Medial half of clavicle Sternocostal head: - Sternum - Costal cartilages of 1st to 7th ribs Ins: -Lateral lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of the humerus

Answer 59

Pectoralis major ori and ins

Question 60

difference between Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor

Answer 60

difference in size and do very different things

Question 61

Function of Pectoralis major

Answer 61

- flexion of arm (clavicular head) - adduction of the arm - medial rotation of the arm - horizontal adduction of the arm

Question 62

innervation of Pectoralis major

Answer 62

N: Medial and lateral pectoral

Question 63

is a triangular, flat muscle, which covers the lumbar region and the lower half of the thoracic region.

Answer 63

Latissimus dorsi

Question 64

Ori: Spinous process T7 to L5 Crests of ilium & sacrum Lowest four ribs (via thoracolumbar fascia) Ins: Floor of the inter-tubercular groove of the humerus

Answer 64

Latissimus dorsi ori and ins

Question 65

Latissimus dors function

Answer 65

- extension of the arm - adduction of the arm - medial rotation of the arm - anterior tilt of the pelvis

Question 66

innervation of Latissimus dors

Answer 66

N: Thoracodorsal