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MSK > Introduction to Brachial Plexus​ Shoulder Girdle Muscles​ > Flashcards

Introduction to Brachial Plexus​ Shoulder Girdle Muscles​ Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior branches of fully formed spinal nerves that have exited the

A

intervertebral foramen

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2
Q

Lateral pectoral nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve

A

Branches of the lateral cord

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2
Q

Branches of the ____________ of the plexus arise from the cords of the brachial plexus and are approachable through the axilla.

A

infraclavicular part

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3
Q

Medial pectoral nerve

Medial cutaneous nerve of arm

Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm

Ulnar nerve

A

Branches of the medial cord

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4
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve (from C5 root)

Long thoracic nerve (from C5, 6, 7)

Nerve to subclavius (From superior trunk)

Suprascapular nerve (From superior trunk)

A

Four branches of the supraclavicular part

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5
Q

Upper subscapular nerve

Thoracodorsal nerve

Lower subscapular nerve

Axillary nerve

Radial nerve

A

Branches of the posterior cord

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6
Q

where do the branches head?

A

laterally / inferiorly away from the midline

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7
Q

the 5 branches form

A

3 cords

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8
Q

roots pass through _____ muscles on the lateral aspect of the neck and combine to form three trunks

A

scalene

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9
Q

what roots form the superior trunk

A

C5 and C6

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10
Q

what root forms the middle trunk

A

C7

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11
Q

what roots form the inferior trunk

A

C8 and T1

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12
Q

Each trunk gives off how many branches

A

Each trunk gives off two branches

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13
Q

Which divisions do each trunk give off

A

an anterior and posterior division

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14
Q

These divisions pass underneath the ______ as they head towards the ______

A

clavicle, axilla

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15
Q

Divisions are happening where?

A

the clavicle

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16
Q

Once the anterior and posterior divisions have entered the axilla, they combine together to form _______

A

three cords

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17
Q

the three cords are named by their position relative to the

A

axillary artery

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18
Q

which cord forms from anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunk (lateral to the artery)

A

the lateral cord

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19
Q

which cord forms from posterior divisions from all three trunks (posterior to the artery)

A

the posterior cord

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20
Q

which cord forms from the anterior division of the inferior trunk (medial to artery)

A

the medial cord

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21
Q

what does the axillary artery serve?

A

the upper limb

originates as a continuation of the subclavian artery

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22
Q

Once in the axilla and the proximal aspect of the upper limb, the three cords give rise to

A

five major branches

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23
Q

These nerves continue into the upper limb to provide innervation to the ___________ present.

A

muscles and skin

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24
Q

which cord gives rise to the Musculocutaneous nerve

A

Lateral cord

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25
Q

which cord gives rise to the Axillary and Radial nerves

A

posterior cord

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26
Q

which cords gives rise to the median nerve

A

lateral and median

27
Q

which cord gives rise to the ulnar nerve

A

the medial cord

28
Q

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous

A

C5-C7

29
Q

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous Axillary nerve

A

C5-C6

30
Q

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous radial nerve

A

C5-T1

31
Q

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous medial nerve

A

C5-T1

32
Q

what nerves make up the musculocutaneous ulnar nerve

A

C8-T1

33
Q

is a flat, triangular muscle, covering the upper and back part of the neck and shoulders.

A

trapezius

34
Q

Upper Trapezius: External occipital protuberance and the medial superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, from the ligamentum nuchae, the spinous process of C7

Middle Trapezius: SP of T1 to T5

Lower Trapezius: SP of T6 – T12

A

Origin of trapezius

35
Q

insertion of Trapezius

A

(All three parts together) Lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion, Spine of scapula

36
Q

Function of upper trapezius

A
  • extension and lateral flexion of the head (mostly bilaterally contralateral)
  • extension and lateral flexion of the neck
  • contralateral rotation of head and neck
  • elevation of scapula
  • upward rotation of scapula
37
Q

the function of extrinsic back muscles

A

movement of the upper limbs

38
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the tap

A

Upper fibres, middle fibers and lower fibers

39
Q

The function of middle trapezius

A
  • retraction (adduction) of scapula
40
Q

Function of lower trapezius

A
  • depression of scapula
  • upward rotation of scapula
41
Q

which is the weakest of the three sections of the trapezius

A

the lower

42
Q

Ori: SPs of C7 & T1
Ins: Medial (vertebral) border of scapula at the root of the spine

A

rhomboids minor ori and ins

43
Q

Ori: SPs of T2-T5
Ins: Medial (vertebral) border of scapula inferior to spine

A

rhomboids major ori and ins

44
Q

function of rhomboids

A
  • retraction (adduction) of scapula
  • elevation of the scapula
  • downward rotation of the scapula
45
Q

innervation of rhomboids

A

dorsal scalpular nerve

46
Q

Ori: TPs of C1-C4
Ins: Medial border of scapulae (above the spine of scapula)

A

Ori and Ins of Levator Scapulae

47
Q

function of Levator Scapulae

A
  • extension of neck at the spinal joints
  • lateral flexion of the neck at the spinal joints
  • ipsilateral rotation of the neck at the spinal joints
  • elevation of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
  • downward rotation of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
48
Q

innervation of Levator Scapulae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

49
Q

Ori: 3rd to 5th ribs
Ins: Coracoid process

A

Pectoralis minor ori and ins

50
Q

the function of Pectoralis minor

A
  • protraction of the scapula
  • downward rotation of the scapula
  • depression of scapula
  • elevation of ribs 3-5 at sternocostal and corticospinal joints (during forced inhalation when the scapula is fixed)
51
Q

innervation of Pectoralis minor

A

N: Medial pectoral

52
Q

Ori: First rib
Ins: Subclavian groove of the clavicle

A

Subclavius ori and ins

53
Q

Subclavius function

A

depression of clavicle at the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

54
Q

innervation of the Subclavius

A

nerve to subclavius

55
Q

Ori: Upper nine ribs
Ins: Anterior surface of vertebral (medial) border of scapula

A

Serratus anterior ori and ins

56
Q

Serratus anterior function

A

protraction (abduction) of scapula
upward rotation of the scapula

57
Q

innervation of Serratus anterior

A

N: Long thoracic nerve (C5,6,7)

58
Q

what is a wing scapula?

A

when there is an injury to the long thoracic nerve which produces paralysis (weakness) or the serratus anterior muscle

muscle will pop off the ribcage and look like a wing - abnormal protrusion
- will effect the motion of the arm because of the glenohumeral joint

injury to C5C6C7 is a wing to heaven

59
Q

Ori:
- Clavicular head:
- Medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head:
- Sternum
- Costal cartilages of 1st to 7th ribs

Ins:
-Lateral lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of the humerus

A

Pectoralis major ori and ins

60
Q

difference between Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor

A

difference in size and do very different things

61
Q

Function of Pectoralis major

A
  • flexion of arm (clavicular head)
  • adduction of the arm
  • medial rotation of the arm
  • horizontal adduction of the arm
62
Q

innervation of Pectoralis major

A

N: Medial and lateral pectoral

63
Q

is a triangular, flat muscle, which covers the lumbar region and the lower half of the thoracic region.

A

Latissimus dorsi

64
Q

Ori:
Spinous process T7 to L5
Crests of ilium & sacrum
Lowest four ribs (via thoracolumbar fascia)

Ins: Floor of the inter-tubercular groove of the humerus

A

Latissimus dorsi ori and ins

65
Q

Latissimus dors function

A
  • extension of the arm
  • adduction of the arm
  • medial rotation of the arm
  • anterior tilt of the pelvis
66
Q

innervation of Latissimus dors

A

N: Thoracodorsal

MSK (30 decks)

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