Lecture 12 - Muscles of the Leg Flashcards
Superficial posterior compartment of the legs? Common function?
FLEXOR muscles
1. gastronemius
2. soleus
3. plantaris (tendon)
gastrocnemius
function and innervation
Fun: (2)
Plantar flex. of foot (ankle J.)
Flex. of leg (knee J.)
N: Tibial
soleus
function and innervation
Fun: (1) Plantar flexion of the foot (ankle J.)
N: Tibial
plantaris
function and innervation
Fun: (2) (weak)
Plantar flex. of foot (ankle J.)
Flex. of leg (Knee J.)
N: Tibial
Deep posterior compart of the leg muscle? What is their common function? Common innervation?
Deep FLEXOR muscles
1. flexor hallucis longus
2. flexor digitorum longus
3. tibialis posterior
4. popliteus
N: Tibial Nerve
flexor hallucis longus
function and innervation
Fun: (3)
Flex. of big toe @ MTP & IP joints.
Plantar flexion of foot @ the ankle J.
Inversion of foot @ the subtalar J.
N: Tibial
flexor digitorum longus
function and innervation
Fun: (3)
1. Flex. of toes #2-5 @ MTP and PIP & DIP joints.
2. Plantar flexion of foot @ ankle J.
3. Inversion of foot @ subtalar J.
N: Tibial
tibialis posterior
function and innervation
Fun: (2)
1. Plantar Flex. of foot @ ankle J.
2. Inversion of foot @ subtalar J.
N: tibial
popliteus
function and innervation
popliteus is the key to unlock the knee!
Function
1. Flex. of leg @ the knee J.
2. Med. Rot. of leg @ knee J. (to unlock the extended knee)
N: Tibial
Arrangement of the Anatomical Structures Passing Behind the Medial Malleolus?
Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry
Tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
artery, vein
nerve
flexor hallusic longus
Popliteal Fossa
Superomedial: semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles
Lateral: biceps femoris muscle
Inferior: gastrocnemius muscle
Floor: knee joint capsule, distal femur, proximal tibia, popliteus muscle
Roof: popliteal fascia
Anterior Compartment of the leg. What is their common function? What are these muscles innervated by?
EXTENSOR muscles
- tibialis anterior
- extensor hallucis longus
- extensor digitorum longus
- Fibularis (peroneus) tertius
N: deep peroneal (fibular) N.
tibialias anterior
function and innervation
Fun: (2)
Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J. (prime mover of DF)
Inversion of foot @ subtalar J.
N: Deep Fibular (peroneal)
extensor hallucis longus
function and innervation
Function:
1. Ext. of big toe @ MTP and IP joints
2. Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J.
3. Inversion of foot @ subtalar J.
N: Deep Fibular (peroneal)
extensor digitorum longus
function and innervation
Function
1. Ext. of toes # 2-5 @ MTP and IP (PIP AND DIP) joints
2. Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J.
3. Eversion of foot @ subtalar J.
N: Deep Fibular (peroneal)
Fibularis (peroneus) tertius
function and innervation
Function
1. Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J.
2. Eversion of foot @ subtalar J.
N: Deep Fibular (peroneal)
lateral compart of the leg muscles. What is this group innervated by?
1.Fibularis (Peroneus) longus
2.Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis
N: superficial peroneal (fibular) N.
Fibularis (Peroneus) longus
function and innervation
Fun: (2)
1. Eversion of foot @ subtalar J.
2. Plantar flexion of foot @ ankle J.
N: Superficial Fibular (peroneal)
Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis
function and innervation
Fun: (2)
1. Eversion of foot @ subtalar J.
2. Plantar flexion of foot @ ankle J.
N: Superficial Fibular (peroneal)
what is compartment syndrome?
develops when swelling or bleeding occurs within a compartment. Because the fascia does not stretch, this can cause increased pressure on the capillaries, nerves, and muscles in the compartment.
If pressure in the compartment goes up - like overuse of the muscle
It can compress the nerve
What can we expect: loss of extension (dorsiflexion) (anterior muscles)
The patient is given a splint
what is the result of compartment syndrome?
Drop foot
- due to compression fo the nerve, the foot cannot do dorsiflexion
what two muscles together are known as the Triceps Surae
gastrocnemius and soleus
what role does the gastrocnemius and soleus have in venous blood return?
The gastro and soleus are big muscles - that compress the veins and help return of blood to the heart
what is the DTR of S1?
calcaneal tendon
what can be found on the posterior side of the knee?
the fabella
