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MSK > Muscles of the abdominal wall > Flashcards

Muscles of the abdominal wall Flashcards

1
Q

what is the ori and ins of Obliquus externus abdominis

A

Ori: external surface of lower 8 ribs
Ins: Linea alba (midline of the rectus sheath)
Pubic tubercle
Anterior half of iliac crest

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2
Q

function of obliquus externus abdominis

A

contralateral rotation, flexion of the trunk, compresses the abdominal contents

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3
Q

innervation of obliquus externus abdominis

A

Intercostal nerves (T7 to T12)

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4
Q

what is the ori and ins of Obliquus internus abdominis

A

Ori: lateral 1/3 of Inguinal ligament
- Anterior 2/3 of iliac crest,
- Thoracolumbar fascia

Ins: Linea alba
Lower 3 ribs

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5
Q

function of obliquus internus abdominis

A

ipsilateral rotation, flexion of the trunk, compression of abdominal contents

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6
Q

innervation of obliquus internus abdominis

A

Intercostal nerves (T6 to T12) & L1

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7
Q

which muscle is the largest and most superficial of the three flat muscles in the anterior abdomen

A

Obliquus externus abdominis

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8
Q

which muscle is irregularly quadrilateral form and situated at the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen

A

Obliquus internus abdominis

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9
Q

which muscle is the most internal of the flat muscles of the abdomen

A

transverses abdominis muscle

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10
Q

Transversus abdominis muscle Ori and Ins

A

Ori:
Inguinal ligament
Iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia
Cartilages of the lower 6 ribs

Ins:
Linea alba

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11
Q

Transversus abdominis muscle function

A

compresses the abdominal contents (think corset)

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12
Q

innervation of Transversus abdominis

A

Intercostal nerves (T6 to T12) & L1

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13
Q

which muscle is long flat and extends the whole length of the front of the abdomen

A

Rectus abdominis

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14
Q

the Rectus abdominis is seperated from its fellow of the opposite side by what?

A

linea alba

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15
Q

the Rectus abdominis is cross by fibrous brands, three in number, which are named the ?

A

tendinous intersections

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16
Q

Ori and Ins of Rectus abdominis

A

Ori: pubic crest, and symphysis pubis.

Ins:
Xiphoid process
Cartilages of ribs 5,6,7

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17
Q

the function of Rectus abdominis

A

flexion of the trunk @ the spinal joints, posterior tilt of pelvis, compresses the abdominal contents

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18
Q

innervation of Rectus abdominis

A

Nerve: Intercostal nerves (T6 – T 12)

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19
Q

what is the fatty layer of the abdominal wall?

A

Campers Fascia

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20
Q

The Campers Fascia is a superficial layer of

A

adipose and areolar connective tissue

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21
Q

where is the Campers Fascia more prominent

A

in the lower aspect of the abdomen (below the umbilicus)

22
Q

What is the deep membranous layer of the abdominal wall?

A

Scarpa’s Fascia

23
Q

the Scarpa’s Fascia is anchored laterally to the __________ of the external oblique and medially to the ______ of the rectus sheath

A

aponeurosis, linea alba

24
Q

what is the protective covering (deepest layer) of the rectus abdominus

A

the rectus sheath

25
Q

what is the rectus sheath compose of

A

Composed of the aponeurosis of the three flat muscles as they converge in the midline to form the median linea alba

26
Q

where does the composition of the rectus sheath change?

A

inferior to the umbilicus
- The composition and arrangement of muscle layers differs depending on location with respect to an area known as the Arcuate line

27
Q

why is it harder to build strength in the lower abdomen

A

the composition of the rectus sheath changes

28
Q

what is the line located 1/2 of the distance between the umbilicus and pubic symphysis called?

A

Arcuate line

29
Q

Inferior to the arcuate line the aponeuroses of all 3 lateral abdominal muscles pass ______ to the rectus abdominis muscle

A

anterior

30
Q

At this level, the internal aspect of rectus abdominis muscle is in direct contact with the transversalis facia
A thin layer of CT located between the posterior surface of the TA muscle a the extraperitoneal fat of the parietal peritoneum

A
31
Q

name the layers of the abdominal wall (7)

A
  1. skin
  2. camper’s fascia
  3. scarpa’s fascia
  4. rectus sheath
    - Anterior lamina
    - Posterior lamina
  5. transversalis
    6, extraperitoneal fat
  6. parietal peritoneum
32
Q

describe the anterior and posterior lamina of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line

A

Anterior lamina (sheet) – full aponeurosis of external oblique and ANTERIOR 1/2 of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique

Posterior lamina (sheet) – POSTERIOR 1/2 of the aponeuroses of the internal oblique and full aponeurosis of transversus abdominis

33
Q

describe the anterior and posterior lamina of the rectus sheath below the arcuate line

A

Anterior lamina (sheet) – aponeuroses of all 3 abdominal muscles
- external oblique
- interal oblique
- transversalis facia

Posterior lamina (sheet) – no layer!

Transversalis facia now directly meets the posterior aspect of rectus abdominis mm.

34
Q

name the layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall (9)

A
  1. Skin/Superficial fascia
  2. Camper’s fascia – fatty layer
  3. Scarpa’s fascia – membranous layer
  4. External oblique m.
  5. Internal oblique m.
  6. Transversus abdominis m.
  7. Transversalis fascia
  8. Extraperitoneal fat
  9. Parietal layer of peritoneum
35
Q

Quadratus lumborum Ori and Ins

A

Ori:
- Iliac crest
- Iliolumbar ligament

Ins:
- Rib 12
- TPs of L1 – L4

36
Q

Quadratus lumborum function

A

Extends the trunk, lateral flexion of the trunk, fixes Rib 12 during inspiration

37
Q

which muscle is a powerful stabilizer of the lumbar spine

A

Quadratus lumborum

38
Q

innervation of Quadratus lumborum

A

Ventral rami of spinal nerves T12, L1, 2, 3, 4

39
Q

Psoas Major Ori and Ins

A

Ori: Bodies and TPs of L1 – L5
Ins: Lesser trochanter of femur

40
Q

function of Psoas Major (4)

A

flexion of the thigh (more to stabilize the lumbar), lateral rotation of the thigh, flexion of the trunk (bilateral action), lateral flexion of the trunk

41
Q

innervation of Psoas Major

A

Nerve: Nerve: Lumbar plexus (L1, L2, 3)

42
Q

Iliacus Ori and Ins

A

Ori:
Iliac fossa
Sacral ala

Ins: Lesser trochanter of femur

43
Q

function of iliacus (2)

A

Function (2): Flexion of the thigh, lateral rotation of the thigh

44
Q

which two muscles are often considered to be the iliopsoas M.

A

psoas major and the iliacus muscles

because of their common distal attachment onto the lesser trochanter of femur.

  • not reasonable to refer to these two as one unit -> you can injure one and not the other
    Psoas typically causes the problem
45
Q

innervation of Iliacus

A

Nerve: Femoral N.

46
Q

It is an oblique canal about 4 cm. long, directing downward and medial ward, and placed parallel with and a little above the medial half of the inguinal ligament. It extends from the deep inguinal ring to the superficial inguinal ring.

A

The Inguinal Canal:

47
Q

what does the The Inguinal Canal contain in men

A

It contains the spermatic cord (containing ductus (vas) deferens, testicular vessels, autonomic nerves and lymphatic) and the ilioinguinal nerve

48
Q

what does the inguinal canal contain in females?

A

the round ligament of the uterus and the ilioinguinal nerve in females.

49
Q

A triangular gap in the external oblique aponeurosis

A

Superficial inguinal ring

50
Q

an oval shape opening in the fascia transversalis; situated half an inch above the midinguinal point (and immediately lateral to the stem of the inferior epigastric vessels)

A
  • Deep inguinal ring
51
Q

is formed by the fusion of the lowest aponeurotic fibers of the internal oblique and of the transversus abdominis muscles

A

Conjoint tendon

52
Q

the conjoint tendon lies behind __ ?

A

It lies behind the superficial inguinal ring and strengthens the abdominal wall at this point.

MSK (30 decks)

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