Nervous System: Part 3 Flashcards
Parkinson’s Disease
A degenerative disorder of basal ganglia function
Cause of Parkinson’s Disease
Lack of dopamine
Role of dopamine in Parkinson’s Disease
Dopamine gives us smoothness (fine motor coordination):
- Brdaykinesia
- rigidity
Patho of Parkinson’s Disease
- Progressive destruction of the nigrostriatal pathway
- reduction in striatal concentrations of dopamine
Symptoms of Parkinsonism
- blank facial expression
- forward tilt to posture
- slow, monotonous, slurred, speech
- reduced arm swinging
- rigidity and tremor of extremeties and head
- short, shuffling gait
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is aka
- ALS
- Lou Gehrig’s Disease
ALS
neurologic disorder that selectively affects motor function
Years of survival from onset of symptoms of ALS?
2-5 years
Progression of ALS
- usually starts in one single muscle group
- Slow
- progressive
- muscle weakness-strength and bulk diminish
- death of the lower motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem
What causes ALS pts trouble at the end of their disease?
- Swallowing
- Speech
- Respiratory
Multiple Sclerosis
Demyelinating disease of the CNS
Who does MS effect?
-Most common nontraumatic cause of neurologic disability among young and middle-aged adults
What is MS characterized by?
-exacerbations and remissions over many years -in several different sites in the CNS
Progression of MS
- Initially, normal or near-normal neurologic function between exacerbations
- As disease progresses, there is less improvement between exacerbations
- increasing neurologic dysfunction
Patho of MS
- WBC attack neurons
- Affect myelin in brain and spinal cord
- damages myelin leaves scarring (sclerosed)
- nerve signals slowed or blocked
myelin
fatty tissues around nerve fibers
A common first sign of MS
Try to get out of bed and they cant feel the floor
Central Processing of Pain Information: Transmission to Somatosensory Cortex
Pain information perceived & interpreted
Central Processing of Pain Information: The Limbic System
Emotional components of pain experienced
Central Processing of Pain Information: Brain Stem Centers
Autonomic nervous system responses recruited
What is the central processor or controller of pain?
The Limbic System
Where is the The Limbic System located?
deep in the substance of the brain
What is the limbic system aka?
“animal” or “primitive” brain
What are the types of pain?
- Cutaneous
- Deep
- Visceral
- Referred
Types of Dementia
Alzheimer Disease Vascular Dementia Frontotemporal Dementia Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome Huntington Disease
