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a-cns anatomy > Neck Facia + Post. Triangle+Anterior Tirangle > Flashcards

Neck Facia + Post. Triangle+Anterior Tirangle Flashcards

1
Q

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
____________
مالك يوم الدين
____________
Mention layers of deep fascia of neck

A

Investing Facia
Pretracheal
prevertebral
Carotid sheath

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2
Q

Investing fascia surrounds the neck as collar and when meeting The Sternomastoid o Trapeizus it splits to enclose the muscle then after trapezius attach to ?

A

Ligamentum Nuchae

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3
Q

layers of Neck ?

A

Skin
superficial fascia contaitnig platysma
Deep fascia :
investing
pretireaheal Visceral
prevertebral Vertebral
Carotid sheath Vascular

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4
Q

Carotid sheath enclosing ?

A

1-Carotid artery
2-Internal Jugular
3-Vagus

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5
Q

The roof of anterior and posterio triangles of neck formed by?

A

Investing deep Fascia

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6
Q

Investing Fascia
Surroundung neck as …….deep to …….is ?

A

collar
platysma

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7
Q

Investing deep fascia is ? لفافة الثنائيات ليه ؟

A

Investing 2 muscles : Sternomastoid - trapezius
investing 2 glands : submandiublar + parotid
Froming 2 spaces :
Suprasternal + supraClavicular
Froming 2 pullyes for digastric + omohyoid muscle

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8
Q

The investing fascia enclose 2 glands but separates them how?

A

Parotid + submandiublar glands
Separating them by thickening to form StyloMandibular ligament !

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9
Q

mention attachments of The investing Facia of NEck

A

Behind ligamentum nuchae + C7
ABOVE: external occipital protuberance superior nuchal line , mastoid process , base of mandible
anterior : symphisis menti thyroid ciricoid Maniburum
below : Maniburm + clavicle + scapule + then to Ligamnrtum nuchae
Continuous with that of opposite side aboce and below hyoid bone

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10
Q

Describe preTracehal fascia

A

enclosing Thyroid gland attaching it to Trachea
Lying in front of trachea deep to infrahyoid muscles
_______________
above : with Hyoid and oblique line of thyroid and Ciricoid cartilage.
below with Fibrous pericaridum or Adventia of Aortic Arch

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11
Q

imp of Pretracheal fascia ?

A

Provide slippery surface for free movment of trachea during swallowing

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12
Q

describe carotid sheath

A

attachments :
above: base of skull
below: adventia of aortic arch
anterior : pretracehal fascia
posterior :prevertebral fascia
___________________
contents divided to 2 division according to level of thyroid cartilage c34
Lower: CCA +IJV+Vagus
Upper : ICA + IJV+Last 4 cranial nerves
Embeded anteriorly loop like ansa cervicalis from c123 veentral rami
Emeded posteriorly
cervical sympathic chain
___________________

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13
Q

why internal and external carotid named like this ?

A

According to their conituity in carotid sheath
the internal continue so it is interna
the external exit so it is ,,,

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14
Q

Main supply of infrahyoid muscles ?

A

Ansa cervicalis c123 venetral rami

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15
Q

Fascia coveirng the mucsles of floor of posterio triangle ?

A

PREVERTEBRAL

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16
Q

pREvertebral Fascia coveing ?

A

Prevetebral muscles middle scalene
Cevical + Brachial pleuxes
Subclavian artery

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17
Q

nereve roots of cervical and bracical plexus lie …….subcalvian artery ?

A

Behind

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18
Q

Axillary sheath covers?

A

Subclavian artery & Brachial plexus

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19
Q

Attachments of Prevertebral Fascia
________________
Relations of it ?

A

Anterio carotid sheath
posterior : investing fascia + ligamentum nuchae
______________
amterior to it lying:
Pharynx +osepohagus
Larynx + trachaea
=Subclavian Vein =

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20
Q

Extent of Prevetrebral fascia

A

From base of skull extending to superior mediastium
t3.4 joinig anterior longitudinal ligament

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21
Q

Buccopharyngeal fascia covering?

A

Buccinator +
superior constiructo of pharynx
the space behind is retrophatyngeal space

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22
Q

Retropharyngeal between ?

A

buccopharyngeal + Prevertebral fascia
exteneding from base of skull down to superior mediatstium bounded from each side by carotid sheath

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23
Q

TB in cervical vertebra casuing ?

A

Infection spread behind prevertebral fascia may spread :
1-forward to posterio pharyngeal wall
2-lateral : posterior tiragnel
3-inferior : superior mediastiunm
__________

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24
Q

Infection in retrpharyngeal space

A

infont of preveterbral fascia
due to infection in retopharyngeal LN then RetroPharyngeal Abscess extending to parameidan palne anteiroly pusing pharynx
or infrerioly Till posterior mediastium

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25
Q

Infection in front of pretracheal fascia leads to ?

A

Bulging of infection to suprastrenal area
Anterior Mediastium

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26
Q

neck is between ?

A

Lower border of mandible and
upper border of clavical and suprasternal notch

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27
Q

the …..divding neck into l……&<,,,,,,

A

Sternocleidomastoid
Anterior + posterior Triangle

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28
Q

Mention boundaries of Posterior Triangle

A

Post of sternomastoid
ant of trapizus
apex joining of 2 muscles at superior nucal line
base middle 1/3 of clavicle

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29
Q

Mention muscles of floor of post triangle

A

Scalenus anterior
SLS
Scalenus medius
Levator scapulae
Splenis capits
semispinalis capitis
____________
covered by prevertebral fascia

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29
Q

mention components of Roof of posterior triagnle

A

Skin
superficial fascia conating platysma
Cutanuous branches of Cervical pleux
External Jugular vein
Deep investing Fascia
__________________s[fojsfd

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30
Q

brachial pleux between ?

A

Scalenus anterior & Scalenus medius

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31
Q

spinal acessory pass above …. muscle in post triangle ?

A

Levator scapular

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32
Q

Muscles in posterior tiangle ?

A

inferior belly of omohyoid muscle

dividing it into
Occipital + Supraclavicular Triangles

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33
Q

LN In posterior triangle

A

Occipital
SupraClaviclular LN

34
Q

Nerves in posteiror triangle

A

Spinal Acessory
Cervical Pleux
Brahcial Plexus

35
Q

Describe spinal accessory nerve

A

Descend obliquley deep to sternomstoid to appear in posterior triagnel at mid point of post sternomastoid then descends obliqule to be deep to trapezius
during passing through post tirangle it is above levator scpaulae

36
Q

Cervical pleux formed of

A

Ventral Rami of c1234

37
Q

describe cut branch of cervical pleux

A

at mid point of post vorfer of sternomastid
giving :
Great auricular superior anteirorly
Lesser occipital in post border of sternomastoid superiorly
tranvere cerivcal : transverse
supreclavicular inferiorly

38
Q

local anastheis to midpont of post of sternomastoid casuing ?

A

Anasthesia in all cut branhes of cervical pleux
Greater auricualr
lesser occipital
transverse cervical
supraclvicular
Called Cutanuous Nerve Block

39
Q

Root and trunck of brachial pleux between ?

A

Scalenus ant & medius

40
Q

upper and middle trunk pass,,…….sublclaian artery but lower trunk …….

A

Above
below
covered by prevertebral fasica

41
Q

…part of subclavian artery between ant scalene and middle scalene ?

A

third

42
Q

Subclavian artert contiue as axillary artery at

A

oute boder of firs rib

43
Q

Subclavian atery and vein separated by ?

A

Scalenus anterior

44
Q

65% THIRD Subclavian gives ?

A

deep branch of transverse cervical artery

45
Q

mention arteries of the post triangle ?

A

Third part of subclavian
________________
Thyrocervical trunk of first part subclavian branches :
1-suprascapular
2-transverse cervical
__________________
Occipital Of ECA

46
Q

EJV Tributaries and drainage

A

Tri:
sta
Suprascapular vein
transverse cervical vein
anterior jugular vein
posterior external juglar
_______________
drains into Subclavian vein

47
Q

EJV ?

A

one of the superificla compnent of posterio triangle
superifical to investing layer crossing the sternomastoid descneding vertically to a finger breadth above clavicle to pirece deep fascia to drain into subclavian vein as the only tribuitary for it

48
Q

subclavian vein is ?

A

Cotiuation of axillary vein at oute border of first rib receing its olnly triubray the EJV Lying anterior to scalnes anteiror

49
Q

Clinical imp of EJV

A

indicate venous pressure
apply canula:
Rough measue of venous pressure
Fluid infusion

50
Q

External jugular veins sereves as Internal barometer ?

A

لانه لو الضغط عادي بيبقي باين شوية مش واضح قوي
لكن لو الضغط الوريدي عالي هيبقي باين جدا في مساره كله

51
Q

5 GROUPS OF CONTENTS

A

1-1MUSCLE
2-2LN
3-3N
4-4A
5-5V

51
Q

5 GROUPS OF CONTENTS

A

1-1MUSCLE
2-2LN
3-3N
4-4A
5-5V

52
Q

قل الحمدلله وسلام علي عباده الذين اصطفي آلله خير أما يشركون
أمن خلق السماوات والأرض وأنزل من السماء ماءا فأنبتنا به حدائق ذات بهجة ما كان لكم أن تنبتوا شجرها ءإله مع الله بل هم قوم يعدلون
__________________

A
53
Q

“يا أبتِ إني إخاف أن يمسك عذاب من الرحمن فتكون للشيطان وليا “

A
54
Q

Sternomastoid muscle has 2 heads mention

A

Sternal head from anterior surface of manibrum sterni
Clavicualr head from upper surface of medial 1/3 of clavcile
to be inserted into Mastoid process & Lateral 1/3 of superior Nucehal line
_________________

55
Q

nerve supply to sternomastioid mention it

A

Motor : spinal accessory nerve
Sensroy propriceptive : Ventral Rami of C2,3

56
Q

Show superifical relations of sternomastoid

A

Superficial:
Skin
superficial fascia :Platysma + EJV + bRANCHES Of cervical pleux Greater auricular +Transverse cervical + supraclavicular
______________
deep fascia
Parotid gland

57
Q

Mention lower deep relations of Sternomastoid

A

SCI : SternoClavicualr joint
Subclavian 1st
Carotid sheath
InfraHyoid Muscle

58
Q

Mention middle deep relations of sternomastoid

A

Structures Muscles nerves vessels LNs
________________
Structures: Thyroid + Carotid Sheath
Muscles:prevertebral +Scalene
Nerves :-
Ansa Cervicalis + Brachial+Cervical Pleux + phrenic nerve
Vessels : External carotid and its branches
LNs:Deep cervical LNs

59
Q

Upper deep relations of sternomasotid mention

A

Bone :mastoid process muscles attached to it
Arteries : Occipital
Nerves : Spinal acessory will supply trapeizus

60
Q

Show actions of sternoMastoid

A

From one side : Tilting neck at that side and Face turning to opposite side
Form both sides: flexion of head to anterior
Can pull the thoracic cage upward during Inspiration

61
Q

Superficial structures in the median region of neck

A

Symphysis menti
Mylohyoid ligament
Hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid ligmant median
Thyroid cartilage
ciricothyroid ligament
Circioid cartilage
CiricoTracheal lig
First Tracheal Ring
Levator Glandulae thyroidae
Isthmus of Thyroid

61
Q

Superficial structures in the median region of neck

A

Symphysis menti
Mylohyoid ligament
Hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid ligmant median
Thyroid cartilage
ciricothyroid ligament
Circioid cartilage
CiricoTracheal lig
First Tracheal Ring
Levator Glandulae thyroidae
Isthmus of Thyroid

62
Q

Suprasternal notch structures Mention

A

TIBJ
-Trachea
-Inferior Thyroid veins
-Part of Brachiocephalic artery
Jugular ach connecting to anterior Juglar veins

63
Q

Boundaries of Anterior Triangle mention

A

Anteriorly : anterior midline of neck
Posteriorly: anterior border of Sternomastoid
Superiorly : inferior border of Mandible + line from mastoid to angle of Mandilbe

64
Q

How is the anterior triangle divided and to what?

A

By Hyoid bone + Digastic + Supeiror belly of Omohyoid muscle
__________________
to 3 1/2 Triangles
Digastric
Submental
carotid
Musclar

65
Q

Describe submental Triangle

A

It is Median Triangle by connection of the anterior 2 triangle the between chin and hyoid bone
______________
Base= hyoid bone
apex = sympheis menti
each side = anterior belly of diagastric
floor : 2 mylohyoid + meidan raphae
______________
Half of the triangle bounded
apex sympheis menti
base hyoid
side anterior b diagatric

66
Q

Mention Contents of Submental Triangle

A

1-submental LNs
2-Submental Vein +artery
3-Small veins forming anterior juglar veins
4-Mylohyoid Nerve and vessels

67
Q

Mention boundaries of digastric tirangle

A

Base: inferior border of Mandible + line between angle of Mandilbe + Mastoid process
___________
anteiror : anterior belly of digastirc
posteiror : posterior posterior belly of digastric + stylohyoid muscles
____________
superifical : skin superficial fascial + deep fascia splitting enclosing the submandibular slaivary gland
Floor : Mylohyoid + Hyoglossus

68
Q

List contents in the anterior part of digastric Triangle

A

3S
1Submandiublar salivary glands + submandiublar LNs
Facial veins seuprficial to gland and facial artery deep to it
________________
2Superficial to myolyoid muscle :
Mylohyoid nerve +vessels
submental vessels
_______________
3Superficial to hyoglossus
Lingual nerve suspending submandiublar gnaglion
Submandibular gland + duct
Hyoglossal nerve

69
Q

Mention contents of Posterior part of The digastric tirandle

A

Lower parotid
ECA
Caroid sheath:
ICA
IJV
Vagus

70
Q

Mention Boundaries of Carotid Triangle

A

Ant : supeiror belly of omohyoid
post: anterior sternomastoid
superiorly: post belly of digastric
______________
roof skin Superifical fascia +investing deep fascia
Floor : 2 anterior +2post
ant : hyoglossus + thyrohyoid
Post: middle + inferior constrictors

71
Q

Mention contents of Carotid Tirangle

A

Caroootid ?! arteires1
Common carotid
ICA
ECA with 5 SALFO branches
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
________________
Veins : IJV + Tributaries
Superior thyroid
Pharyngeal
Lingual
common facial
__________
Nerves : last 3 cranail nerves : Vagus + Spinal accessory + Hypoglossal
_________________
Ansa cervicalis :anterior
Sympathatic chain: post
__________________
Carotid Sheath : ICA +IJV +Vagus
Deep Cervical LNs
__________________

72
Q

Metion borders and contents of Musclar Triagnle of anterior neck Triangle

A

ANterior : Median line of neck
posterior :
posterosuperiolry: superior omohyoid
posteroinferior ant sternomastoid
___________________
roof: skin superifical facia and deep investing fascia
Floor : preTracheal Fascia
____________
contents infrahyoids

73
Q

List Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
Omohyoid

74
Q

Sternohyoid and sternothyroid compare origin and insertion

A

Origin :
sternohyoid from back of maniburum and medial calvical
Sternothyorid from back of maniburum and medial first costal cartialge
____________
insertion :
Sternohyoid in lower border of hyoid
Sternothroid Oblique line of thyorid cartilage

75
Q

Sternothyroid and thyorid hyoid compaer origin and insertion

A

Sternothyroid : from back of manicbum and medial first costal cartigle to oblique line of thyroid cartilage
ThyroHyoid from oblique line of thyroid cartilage to lower boeder of hyoid and its greate cornu

76
Q

Describe omohyoid

A

Superiro belly from lower border of hyoid
and Inferior belly from superior scapula + supreaScapular ligament to the intermediate tendon that is attached to clavical via Fascial Sling

77
Q

All infrahyoid muscles supplied by Ansa Cervicalis from c123 except ?

A

Thyrohyoid by C1 fibers accompanying hypoglossal Nerve

78
Q

Illustarte the structure of Ansa cervicalis

A

Descending Hypoglossi + Descnding Cerivalis
___________
superior limb descending hypoglossi from c1 fibers some of them accompany hypoglossal nerve and the others decends as superor limb of Ansa
lower limb descedning cervicalis from c2,3 fibers
infront of IJV
_____________________
Supply infrahyoids except thyrohyoid muscle

79
Q

Show Actions of Infrahyoid

A

SternoHyoid : depress hyoid bone
Omohyoid : depress hyoid
Thyrohyoid: derpess hyoid + elevate larynx
Sternothyorid :
depress larynx
____________
so 3 depress hyoid : Sternohyoid + Thyrohyoid + omohyoid
2 antagoistics:
Sterothyroid VS Thyrohyoid

80
Q

” يا أبت إني أخاف أن يمسك عذاب من الرحمن فتكون للشيطان وليا “ !

A

a-cns anatomy (27 decks)

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