cranial cavity 2 Flashcards
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وبه نستعين
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What are emissary veins mention examples
Vavless veins connetcing dural venous sinuses with extracranial veins
equalizing pressure intracranial nad may cause infection spread :
1-SSS: to
Nasal veins via foraen cecum
Scalp vens via parital formaen
2-Cavernous sinus :
To SOV
To Pterygoi venous pleux via foramen lacerum ovale shpenoidal
to internal jegular vein via juglar canal
3-Sigmois sinus to
Occipital veins via matsoid foramed
suboccipital veins via condylar canal
Internal Jugular vein via? Hypoglossal canal
Emissary veins connecting SSS TO ?
1-nASAL veins via foramen cecum
2-scalp veins via partial foramen
Emissary veins conncecting CS to?
1-SOV
2-Pterygoid venous pleyx via foramen lacerum ovale shpenoidal
3-internal juglar veins via juglar canal
Emmisary veins connecting Sigmoid sinus to ?
MCH
Occipital veins via Mastoid Foramne
SubOccipital veins Via conduylar canal
Connections to internal juglar veins via? hypoglossal canal
Diploic veins describe
Thin walled Valveless veins in the diploe of the skull may spread infection to dural sinuses
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Frontal group to Supraorbital vein
Occipital group to Occipital vein
Anterior Temporal to SphenoPariteal
post temproal to transverse sinus
Describe Trigemnial ganglion
It is ganglion of Fifth CN
Crescntric or Semilunar
in Trigeminal impression in pertrous tempral bone
and has it own area on dura Cavum Tirgimnale
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types of cells of Trigemnial gagnglion ?
pseudouniplar with central process to pons
and peripheral process forming the famous 3 branches of Trigeminal :
Opthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular
Olfactory nerve cross ?
Cilibriform palate
Optic canal what passes through?
Optic nerve
Superior orbital fissure passed by?
O2TA
occlumotor
torochlear
abucents
+opthalmic of trigeminal
Maxillay cross?
Foramen Rotandum
Mandublar cross?
fORamne OVale
7,8CN cross?>
Intrnal acoustic meatus
9-10-11 cross —–with——
the juglar canal with internal juglar vein
+Inferior petrosal sinus
12th CN cross? /
Hypoglossal canal
or Antreior condylar canal
Mention petrosal nerves
Greater petrosal nerve from CN7
Carrying taste + Parasympathatic
Lesser petrosal nerve From CN9
Carrying Parasympatahtic
Deep petrosal Nerves :
Sympathatic from pleux around ICA
DESCRIBE Middle meningeal artery
oRginate from first part of maxillary of ECA
then pass upwards between auricltemporal nerve root till foramen spinosum to enter Middle Cranial Fossa then between 2 dural layers grooving sequamous temporal groove then dividnig to frontal + parietal
supplying: Dura
Predominantly? Periosteum of skull
pterion center is ?
joining of frontal + temproal + pariteal + ggRATER wing of sphenoid
clininal imp of pterion ?
Thninnest part of skull trauma causing Fracture and MMA injury
Extradural and subdural hemorrhage explain
Extradural : Arterial origin fom MMA
Subdural : Venous Origin
may show RBCs in CSF
Both hemohhrages casues cerebral compression
When CCA divedied and to what is divided ?
At superior edge of thyroid cartilage
intervertebral Between C3-C4 in
to ICA AND ECA
Internal carotid artery
Begning coures ending describe
Begins as one of two terminal branches of CCA at upper edge of Thyroid Cartilage at intervertebral disc Between C3-C4
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COurse in 4 regions so has 4 parts
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ending: ant and middle cereberal arteries
division occursbelow anterior perofrated substance
Carotid sheath contains?
Cervical ICA
IJV
Vagus
Describe Courese of ICA
C3P
Cervical: ascending in carotid sheath
Petrous : In carotid canal till foramen lacerum then to cavernous sinus surrouneded by? Carotid Sympathatic pleux
Cavernous in cavenous sinus till its anterior part in the medial wall (inferolateral to it is CN6_
Cerebral : till anterior perforated substance dividing into ant and middle cerebral arteries
Mention braches of the ICA branches
Cervical : NO
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Petrous : Coartico -tympanic branches to middle and inner ear
ptyreoid branch to pterygoid canal
CP
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Cavernous to : TMH
Trigemnial ganglion
Meningeal
Hypophseal
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Cerebral :
Opthalmic giving central Retinal artery end one
Anterior cerebral
middle cerebral
PosteriorCommunicating
Ant Choroidal for CSF
PNT OAM
SYSTEMS Suplplying brain ?
Carotid system: ant + middle cerebral
Vertebro Basilar system
posterior cerebral
forming circle of willis
Dura is drained by….&…..
Meningeal veins drain into dural sinuses
Diploic veins
Basilar plexus of veins:
connect 2 inf petrosal sinus
SSS begins at…..&end at….to continue as….
Crista galli
Internal occipital protuberance
Right transverse sinus
Superior cerebral.veins drain into
SSS
Pulsations of ICA and ….. controls flow outside CS ?
Gravity
Position of head
post to CS?
Post: apex of petrous temporal bone & crus cerebri of midbrain
Describe results of fracture of anterior cranial fossa
Bleeding and CSF rhinorrhea
hemorrhage to orbital cavity below conjunctiva causing Black Eye
Mention structures passing in foramen ovale
M2ALE
Mandiublar nerve
motor of Trigeminal
Accessory memningeal art
lesser petrosal Nerve
Emissary veins
Mention structures passing in foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery
Meningeal branch of Mandibular
Nevus spinosus
the middle Cranial fossa is the weakest part
why ?
Several Foramina
Sphenoidal air sinus
Middle Ear
Middle cranial fossa fracutre results in ?
Bleeding and discharge of CSF from ear
Affecting CN 7,8
What is the largest & deepest cranial fossa
Posterior
Mention structures passing jugular foramen
IJV posterolateral
Inferior petrosal sinus antermedial
CN 9,10,11
Results of PCF fracture?
Bleeding into pharynx
Blood collects in nape of neck and posterior Triangle of Neck
Uniltaeral pulsating exophthalmos is due to ?
Carotid -Cavernous Fistula
الحمدلله رب العالمين
The strucutres in the lateral wall are separeted from what in the center by ?
Endothelial lining of the sinus
Tribuitaris of Caveronus sinus
From Orbit :
SOV+IOV
Centeral vein for retina
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From brain
suprfical middle cerebral
Infero
Tribuitaris of Caveronus sinus
From Orbit :
SOV+IOV
Centeral vein for retina
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From brain
suprfical middle cerebral
Inferor cerebral veins from tempral lobe
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from meninges:
shpenoparital sinus
Frontal Trunk of Middle Meningeal Vein
How sigmoid sinus is formed?
Transvers with superior petrosal uniting
Tear of middle meingeal artery casues?
Contralateral Hemiplegia
Accessory meningeal artery
First part of maxillary artery
entering foramen ovale Supplying skull + dura
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