NAVEDTRA 14295B CH 9 Flashcards
What is defined as the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact with the hazards of wastes?
Sanitation
What is any animal capable of transmitting pathogens or producing human or animal discomfort or injury called?
Vector
What are organisms (insects, rodents, snakes, etc.) that adversely affect military operations and the well-being of man and animal; attack real property, supplies, and equipment; or are otherwise undesirable?
Pests
What series addresses the requirements for food service training?
SECNAVINST 4061.1
What are vaccines used to protect Navy and Marine Corps personnel against certain diseases before exposure to infection called?
Prophylactic immunizations
What sets the minimum standards that immunizations procured for the Armed Forces are required to meet?
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
What are diseases that may be transmitted from a carrier to a susceptible host called?
Communicable
What series sets drinking water standards for both ashore and afloat U.S. Naval establishments worldwide?
BUMEDINST 6240.1
What is the spent water of a ship, base, industrial plant, or other activity called?
Wastewater
In 2008, infections accounted for an estimated 1.7 million infections and how many associated deaths in American hospitals alone, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?
99,000
What is the state of being free of pathogenic organisms called?
Asepsis
What is the number of micro-organisms contaminating an object referred to as?
Bioburden
What is a diagnostic test of a prevacuum sterilizer’s ability to remove air from the chamber and detect air leaks?
Bowie-Dick Type Test
What is the reproduction and growth of micro-organisms in living tissue cells or on a nutrient medium called?
Culture
What is an infection resulting from treatment in a hospital that is secondary to the patient’s original condition called?
Nosocomial Infection
What is a process that destroys all types and forms of micro-organisms called?
Sterilization
What is the quantity of materials or supplies required to treat a single patient called?
Unit dose
What is the study of micro-organisms called?
Microbiology
What are disease producing organisms said to be?
Pathogenic
What are micro-organisms that are much smaller than bacteria called?
Viruses
What are single-celled animals that do not have a rigid cell wall called?
Protozoa
What is one of the most important procedures in preventing the transfer of micro-organisms from one person to another?
Hand washing
What is an effective antiseptic for reducing transient and resident microbial hand flora, and has a sustained antimicrobial effect?
Chlorhexidine gluconate
What are water soluble complexes of iodine with organic compounds that are effective against all gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria and viruses?
Iodophors
Waterless hand washing agents contain 70 percent isopropyl alcohol and virtually disinfect the skin in how many seconds?
20
Washing increases the protective nature of gloves up to what percent?
60
What are the highest quality, most expensive, and best fitting gloves?
Sterile Surgical
What type of gloves offer the highest quality and best fit at a greatly reduced cost when sterile surgical gloves are not required?
Procedural
What type of gloves are the least expensive type of non-sterile gloves that are commonly used in routine procedures?
Latex examination
What is a stiff, thin, woven mask used for simple procedures for protection from splashing and aerosols?
Cone mask
What is a lightweight, nose-and-mouth respirator that can provide some level of protection for the wearer from viruses and small particles?
N95 Respirator
What are the second tier of infection prevention precautions?
Transmission-based
What precautions are used for patients infected with microorganisms spread by coughing, sneezing, or talking such as influenza virus, adenovirus and rhinovirus?
Droplet
All active duty healthcare personnel will be tested for HIV every two years and tuberculosis testing and/or screening on what basis?
Annual
What describes those practices used to prevent the transfer of pathogenic organisms from person to person, place to place, or person to place?
Medical asepsis
For DTRs, at the beginning of the day flush each of the unit water lines and hoses for at least 1 minute, even if their use is not anticipated and flush for at least how many seconds between patients?
30
Potable water supplies may contain up to 100 bacterial colony forming units per millimeter (cfu /ml), and water in dental units, at times, can contain in excess of how many cfu/ml?
1,000,000
Up to what percent will three 10-second rinses with mouthwash temporarily reduce a patient’s microbial count by?
97
What is a liquid or solid waste containing pathogens in sufficient numbers and of sufficient virulence to cause infectious disease in susceptible hosts exposed to the waste?
Infectious waste
What should used disposable sharps, such as needles, scalpel blades, capsules, disposable syringes, used burs, and broken instruments be treated as?
Regulated waste
f the HM is in an area where infectious waste cannot be treated on-site, do not store without refrigeration for more than how many days?
7
Remove any blood or fluid spills with an absorbent material and disinfect the area with a solution of household bleach diluted to what amount with clear water or an EPA approved disinfectant?
1:10
What is the term that describes the sterilization, storage, and handling of articles to keep them free of pathogenic organisms?
Surgical aseptic technique
The use of what in the operating room is the LEAST DESIRABLE method of cleaning?
Mops
What reduces resident and transient skin flora (bacteria) to a minimum?
Surgical hand scrub
