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Important > NAVEDTRA 14295B CH 18 > Flashcards

NAVEDTRA 14295B CH 18 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the science dealing with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of medications?

A

Pharmacology

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2
Q

What is the branch of pharmacology that deals with biological, biochemical, and economic features of natural medications and their constituents?

A

Pharmacognosy

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3
Q

What is the branch of pharmacology dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper use of medications?

A

Pharmacy

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4
Q

What is the study of the dosages of medicines and medications?

A

Posology

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5
Q

What is the study of the action or effects of medications on living organisms?

A

Pharmacodynamics

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6
Q

What is the study of the uses of medications in the treatment of disease?

A

Pharmacotherapeutics

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7
Q

What is the study of poisons, their actions, their detection, and the treatment of the conditions produced by them called?

A

Toxicology

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8
Q

What is the science of treating disease by any method that will relieve pain, treat or cure diseases and infections, or prolong life called?

A

Therapeutics

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9
Q

What provides tests for medication identity, quality, strength, and purity?

A

USP-NF

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10
Q

What did the U.S. Federal Food, Medication, and Cosmetics Act designate as the official reference for medications marketed in the United States?

A

USP-NF

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11
Q

What is the most widely used text/reference in American pharmacies?

A

Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy

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12
Q

What is the amount of medication to be administered referred to as?

A

Dose

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13
Q

A therapeutic dose is calculated on an average adult male of 24 years who weighs approximately how many pounds?

A

150

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14
Q

What is the most common factor that influences the amount of medication to be given?

A

Age

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15
Q

What is the most common method of administering medications?

A

Oral

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16
Q

What type of medications are administered by placing the medication under the tongue?

A

Sublingual

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17
Q

What type of medications are administered by placing the medication between the cheek and gum?

A

Buccal

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18
Q

What type of medications are introduced by injection?

A

Parenteral

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19
Q

What is the type of medication injected just below the skin’s cutaneous layers?

A

Subcutaneous

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20
Q

What type of medication is injected within the dermis layer of the skin?

A

Intradermal

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21
Q

What type of medication is introduced directly into the vein?

A

Intravenous

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22
Q

What is the the process called by which a medication is converted into a fine spray by the use of compressed gas?

A

Nebulization

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23
Q

How many important steps to follow are there when administering medication to a patient to prevent errors?

A

6

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24
Q

What is any chemical substance called that has an effect on living tissue but is not used as a food?

A

Medication

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25
Q

Medications are classified according to set criteria and fall into three specific areas: general, chemical, and what else?

A

Therapeutic

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26
Q

What are medications called that cause shrinkage of the skin and mucous membranes?

A

Astringents

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27
Q

What are bland or fatty substances called that may be applied to the skin to make it more pliable and soft?

A

Emollients

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28
Q

What are agents called that inhibit or suppress the act of coughing?

A

Antitussives

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29
Q

What can be used to reduce congestion and the swelling of mucous membranes?

A

Nasal Decongestants

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30
Q

What substance released by most cells distributed in connective tissues usually near blood vessels promotes some of the reactions associated with inflammation and allergies such as asthma and hay fever?

A

Histamine

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31
Q

What are used to counteract hyperacidity in the stomach?

A

Antacids

32
Q

Normally oral medications should not be taken within how many hours of taking an antacid?

A

2

33
Q

What suppress the growth of microorganisms?

A

Antiseptics

34
Q

What are agents called that are used to disinfect inanimate objects and are primarily germicidal in their action?

A

Disinfectants

35
Q

What is the standard by which all other antiseptic, disinfectant, and germicidal agents are measured in effectiveness?

A

Phenol

36
Q

What were the first effective chemotherapeutic agents to be available in safe therapeutic dosage ranges?

A

Sulfonamides

37
Q

What is one of the most effective and least toxic of the antimicrobial agents?

A

Penicillin

38
Q

What are a group of semi-synthetic derivatives of cephalosporin C called which is an antimicrobial agent of fungal origin?

A

Cephalosporins

39
Q

In what year were Tetracyclines introduced which were the first truly broad-spectrum antibiotics?

A

1948

40
Q

What are a group of medications that share chemical, antimicrobial, pharmacologic, and toxic characteristics, and that are effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms?

A

Aminoglycosides

41
Q

What are antibiotics constituting a large group of bacteriostatic agents that inhibit protein synthesis known as?

A

Macrolides

42
Q

What type of medications facilitate the passage and elimination of feces from the colon and rectum?

A

Laxatives

43
Q

What are agents that increase the rate of urine formation called?

A

Diuretics

44
Q

What type of medications relieve pain without producing unconsciousness or impairing mental capacities?

A

Non-narcotic analgesics

45
Q

What are used to relieve or reduce fevers?

A

Antipyretics

46
Q

What are mainly used as sedative-hypnotics, anticonvulsants, anesthetics for short anesthesia, and may be used in combination with analgesics to enhance their analgesic effect?

A

Barbiturates

47
Q

Tranquilizers and mood modifiers are the two primary groups of what agents?

A

Psychotherapeutic

48
Q

What are used to produce constriction of the blood vessels with consequent rise in blood pressure?

A

Vasoconstrictors

49
Q

What taken in high doses is believed to prevent the common cold, and to treat asthma, atherosclerosis, wounds, schizophrenia, and cancer?

A

Vitamin C

50
Q

What type of medications produce a rhythmic contraction of the uterus?

A

Oxytocics

51
Q

In what year did the World Health Organization (WHO) declare the global eradication of naturally occurring smallpox?

A

1980

52
Q

What is the study and science of weights and measures called?

A

Metrology

53
Q

What is the official system of weights and measures used by Navy Pharmacy Departments for weighing and calculating pharmaceutical preparations?

A

Metric System

54
Q

What is the relationship of one quantity to another quantity of like value?

A

Ratio

55
Q

What is the expression of equality of two ratios called?

A

Proportion

56
Q

What are aromatic, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions containing medicinal substances called?

A

Elixirs

57
Q

What are coarse dispersions comprised of finely divided insoluble material suspended in a liquid medium called?

A

Suspensions

58
Q

What are semisolid, fatty, or oily preparations of medicinal substances called?

A

Ointments

59
Q

What are solid bodies intended to introduce medicinal substances into the various orifices of the body called?

A

Suppositories

60
Q

What are gelatin shells containing solid or liquid medicinal substances to be taken orally called?

A

Capsules

61
Q

What is used for mixing and measuring various medicinal ingredients?

A

Enrlenmeyer flask

62
Q

What are conical or cylindrical clear glass containers graduated in specified quantities that are used to measure liquids volumetrically?

A

Graduates

63
Q

What type of incompatibilities occur when agents antagonistic to one another are prescribed together?

A

Therapeutic

64
Q

What type of incompatibilities are often called pharmaceutical incompatibilities and are evidenced by the failure of the medications to combine properly?

A

Physical

65
Q

What is any condition called which makes a particular treatment or procedure inadvisable?

A

Contraindication

66
Q

What is the most important tool used by the pharmacy?

A

Prescription

67
Q

The DoD Prescription (DD Form 1289) along with the Polyprescription using what form are the two standardized forms used for prescriptions?

A

NAVMED 6710/6

68
Q

What is that part of the prescription that lists the name and quantity of the medication to be used?

A

Inscription

69
Q

What part of the prescription gives the directions for the patient?

A

Signa

70
Q

How many times should the container labels used in filling prescriptions be verified?

A

3

71
Q

How many years after the issue date are prescriptions currently required to be kept on file?

A

2

72
Q

How many schedules (categories) related to a medications potential for abuse, medical usefulness, and degree of dependency, if abused did the Controlled Substance Act of 1970 establish?

A

5

73
Q

Prescriptions for schedule II substances can never be ordered with refills and in most cases must be filled within how many days of the date originally written?

A

7

74
Q

Prescriptions must be filled within 30 days of the date written and may be refilled up to five times within how many months for Schedule III substances?

A

6

75
Q

What type of substances are primarily antitussives or antidiarrheals?

A

Schedule V

76
Q

At least how often, or more frequently if necessary, the Controlled Substances Inventory Board (CSIB) takes an unannounced inventory of controlled substances?

A

Quarterly

Important (54 decks)

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