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Important > NAVEDTRA 14295B CH 7 > Flashcards

NAVEDTRA 14295B CH 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What phase are teeth in when they go through the three developmental periods called categories: growth, calcification, and eruption?

A

Odontogenesis

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2
Q

What process describes the tooth breaking through the gingival tissue?

A

Emergence

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3
Q

Tooth buds for the permanent teeth form between the 17 -week of fetal life through what age?

A

5

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4
Q

What process refers to the depositing of the matrix for the hard dental structures?

A

Apposition

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5
Q

What is the process by which organic tissue (the matrix formed during apposition) becomes hardened by a deposit of calcium or any mineral salts?

A

Calcification

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6
Q

About how many years does it take for permanent teeth to form from crown completion to the time the tooth
emerges into the mouth?

A

3

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7
Q

What process do primary teeth go through when they prepare to fall out to make way for the eruption of permanent teeth?

A

Exfoliation

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8
Q

What is the study of anatomy that includes the minute structure, composition, and functions of tissues?

A

Histology

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9
Q

The root of a tooth is covered by cementum and embedded in a thin layer of compact bone that forms the tooth socket; what is this called?

A

Alveolar bone

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10
Q

What is the region called where roots separate when teeth have more than one root?

A

Furcation

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11
Q

A tooth is said to be multirooted if has has how many or more roots?

A

4

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12
Q

What is a slight indentation that encircles the tooth and marks the junction of the anatomical crown with the root?

A

Cervix

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13
Q

What is the calcified substance that covers the entire anatomic crown of the tooth and protects the dentin called?

A

Enamel

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14
Q

What is the hardest tissue in the human body?

A

Enamel

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15
Q

Approximately how many pounds per square inch of crushing pressure can enamel endure?

A

100,000

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16
Q

What constitutes the largest portion of the tooth?

A

Dentin

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17
Q

What is the bonelike tissue that covers the roots of the teeth in a thin layer?

A

Cementum

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18
Q

What is the soft tissue inside the tooth called that is developed from the connective tissue of the dental papilla?

A

Dental pulp

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19
Q

What are the tissues that surround and support the teeth collectively called?

A

Periodontium

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20
Q

What is that bony portion of the maxilla and mandible called where the teeth are embedded and tooth roots are supported?

A

Alveolar process

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21
Q

What is dense in nature, provides strength and protection, and acts as the attachment for skeletal muscles?

A

Cortical plate

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22
Q

What is a thin layer of compact bone which is a specialized continuation of the cortical plate that forms the tooth socket?

A

Alveolar bone proper

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23
Q

What is a thin, fibrous ligament that connects the tooth to the bony socket?

A

Periodontal ligament

24
Q

What is comprised of the tissue that covers the hard palate and the gingival called?

A

Masticatory mucosa

25
Q

What aids in the support of the teeth, and protects the alveolar process and periodontal ligament from bacterial invasion?

A

Gingiva

26
Q

What is the mucous membrane on the tongue in the form of lingual papillae?

A

Specialized mucosa

27
Q

What upper arch teeth referred to as?

A

Maxillary

28
Q

The teeth in an arch are composed of 6 anteriors (cuspid to cuspid) as well as how many posterior?

A

10

29
Q

A human receives two sets of teeth during a lifetime. The first set consists of 20 teeth referred to as deciduous or primary (baby teeth). How many teeth does the second (permanent) set usually consist of?

A

32

30
Q

What are the teeth located in the front of the mouth, the incisors, and the cuspids called?

A

Anterior

31
Q

What are the teeth located in the back of the mouth-the bicuspids and molars called?

A

Posterior

32
Q

How many classes of teeth based on appearance and function or position is the human permanent dentition is divided into?

A

4

33
Q

What has a single cusp instead of an incisal edge and is designed for cutting and tearing?

A

Cuspid

34
Q

What have two cusps used for cutting and tearing, and an occlusal surface that is wider to crush food?

A

Bicuspids

35
Q

What has four or five cusps, is shorter and more blunt in shape than the other teeth, and provides a broad surface for grinding and chewing solid masses of food?

A

Molar

36
Q

What method employs numbers with each tooth designated by a separate number from 1 to 32?

A

Universal Numbering System

37
Q

What is the surface of a tooth that “faces” toward the lips or cheeks called?

A

Facial

38
Q

What is the proximal surface closest to the midline or middle of the arch called?

A

Mesial

39
Q

What is the proximal surface oriented away from the midline of the arch called?

A

Distal

40
Q

What is the surface of an anterior or posterior tooth that faces toward the tongue called?

A

Lingual

41
Q

What is the broad chewing surface found on posterior teeth (bicuspids and molars)?

A

Occlusal

42
Q

Who was the dentist who developed a classification of normal and abnormal ways teeth meet into centric occlusion?

A

Edward Angle

43
Q

What is the study of the form and shape of teeth?

A

Tooth morphology

44
Q

In about what percent of maxillary first bicuspids is the root divided in the apical third?

A

50

45
Q

What are the first molars also known as?

A

6-year

46
Q

What are the second molars also known as?

A

12-year

47
Q

What molars are called “wisdom teeth” because they erupt when the young adult is passing into adulthood?

A

Third

48
Q

What is the first permanent tooth to erupt?

A

Mandibular first molar

49
Q

What is a pointed or rounded elevation of enamel found on cuspids and on the chewing surfaces of bicuspids and molars?

A

Cusp

50
Q

What is a convex mount of enamel localized to the cervical one-third of the crown?

A

Cingulum

51
Q

What is the linear fault that sometimes occurs in a developmental groove by incomplete or imperfect joining of the lobes?

A

Fissure

52
Q

What is a centrally located depression found on the occlusal surface of molars and mandibular second bicuspids?

A

Central fossa

53
Q

What is a fissure between the cusps on the crown of the tooth called?

A

Developmental Groove

54
Q

What are small, rounded projections of enamel from the incisal edges of newly erupted anterior teeth called?

A

Mamelons

55
Q

What is an elongated valley or depression in the surface of a tooth formed by the inclines of adjacent cusps or ridges?

A

Sulcus

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