NAVEDTRA 14295B CH 7 Flashcards
What phase are teeth in when they go through the three developmental periods called categories: growth, calcification, and eruption?
Odontogenesis
What process describes the tooth breaking through the gingival tissue?
Emergence
Tooth buds for the permanent teeth form between the 17 -week of fetal life through what age?
5
What process refers to the depositing of the matrix for the hard dental structures?
Apposition
What is the process by which organic tissue (the matrix formed during apposition) becomes hardened by a deposit of calcium or any mineral salts?
Calcification
About how many years does it take for permanent teeth to form from crown completion to the time the tooth
emerges into the mouth?
3
What process do primary teeth go through when they prepare to fall out to make way for the eruption of permanent teeth?
Exfoliation
What is the study of anatomy that includes the minute structure, composition, and functions of tissues?
Histology
The root of a tooth is covered by cementum and embedded in a thin layer of compact bone that forms the tooth socket; what is this called?
Alveolar bone
What is the region called where roots separate when teeth have more than one root?
Furcation
A tooth is said to be multirooted if has has how many or more roots?
4
What is a slight indentation that encircles the tooth and marks the junction of the anatomical crown with the root?
Cervix
What is the calcified substance that covers the entire anatomic crown of the tooth and protects the dentin called?
Enamel
What is the hardest tissue in the human body?
Enamel
Approximately how many pounds per square inch of crushing pressure can enamel endure?
100,000
What constitutes the largest portion of the tooth?
Dentin
What is the bonelike tissue that covers the roots of the teeth in a thin layer?
Cementum
What is the soft tissue inside the tooth called that is developed from the connective tissue of the dental papilla?
Dental pulp
What are the tissues that surround and support the teeth collectively called?
Periodontium
What is that bony portion of the maxilla and mandible called where the teeth are embedded and tooth roots are supported?
Alveolar process
What is dense in nature, provides strength and protection, and acts as the attachment for skeletal muscles?
Cortical plate
What is a thin layer of compact bone which is a specialized continuation of the cortical plate that forms the tooth socket?
Alveolar bone proper
What is a thin, fibrous ligament that connects the tooth to the bony socket?
Periodontal ligament
What is comprised of the tissue that covers the hard palate and the gingival called?
Masticatory mucosa
What aids in the support of the teeth, and protects the alveolar process and periodontal ligament from bacterial invasion?
Gingiva
What is the mucous membrane on the tongue in the form of lingual papillae?
Specialized mucosa
What upper arch teeth referred to as?
Maxillary
The teeth in an arch are composed of 6 anteriors (cuspid to cuspid) as well as how many posterior?
10
A human receives two sets of teeth during a lifetime. The first set consists of 20 teeth referred to as deciduous or primary (baby teeth). How many teeth does the second (permanent) set usually consist of?
32
What are the teeth located in the front of the mouth, the incisors, and the cuspids called?
Anterior
What are the teeth located in the back of the mouth-the bicuspids and molars called?
Posterior
How many classes of teeth based on appearance and function or position is the human permanent dentition is divided into?
4
What has a single cusp instead of an incisal edge and is designed for cutting and tearing?
Cuspid
What have two cusps used for cutting and tearing, and an occlusal surface that is wider to crush food?
Bicuspids
What has four or five cusps, is shorter and more blunt in shape than the other teeth, and provides a broad surface for grinding and chewing solid masses of food?
Molar
What method employs numbers with each tooth designated by a separate number from 1 to 32?
Universal Numbering System
What is the surface of a tooth that “faces” toward the lips or cheeks called?
Facial
What is the proximal surface closest to the midline or middle of the arch called?
Mesial
What is the proximal surface oriented away from the midline of the arch called?
Distal
What is the surface of an anterior or posterior tooth that faces toward the tongue called?
Lingual
What is the broad chewing surface found on posterior teeth (bicuspids and molars)?
Occlusal
Who was the dentist who developed a classification of normal and abnormal ways teeth meet into centric occlusion?
Edward Angle
What is the study of the form and shape of teeth?
Tooth morphology
In about what percent of maxillary first bicuspids is the root divided in the apical third?
50
What are the first molars also known as?
6-year
What are the second molars also known as?
12-year
What molars are called “wisdom teeth” because they erupt when the young adult is passing into adulthood?
Third
What is the first permanent tooth to erupt?
Mandibular first molar
What is a pointed or rounded elevation of enamel found on cuspids and on the chewing surfaces of bicuspids and molars?
Cusp
What is a convex mount of enamel localized to the cervical one-third of the crown?
Cingulum
What is the linear fault that sometimes occurs in a developmental groove by incomplete or imperfect joining of the lobes?
Fissure
What is a centrally located depression found on the occlusal surface of molars and mandibular second bicuspids?
Central fossa
What is a fissure between the cusps on the crown of the tooth called?
Developmental Groove
What are small, rounded projections of enamel from the incisal edges of newly erupted anterior teeth called?
Mamelons
What is an elongated valley or depression in the surface of a tooth formed by the inclines of adjacent cusps or ridges?
Sulcus
