Musculo System Flashcards
What are the 12 voluntary muscles?
- Deltoid
- Pectoralis major
- Latissimus dorsi
- Biceps
- Triceps
- External obliques
- Gluteals
- Hip flexors
- Quadriceps
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
- Tibialis anterior
Location and function of Gluteals
- In the middle of the body at the back forming the bottom
- Adduct and extend the leg at the hips, pull the leg backwards
Location and function of Hamstrings
- At the top of the each leg at the back
- Flex the legs at the knees
Location and Function of Gastrocnemius
- At the bottom of each leg at the back. Also known as the calf muscles
- Point the toes at the ankle (plantar flexion)
Location and Function of the Latissimus Dorsi
- At the back of the body either side of the chest
- Pull your arms down at the shoulders and behind your back (adduct and extend)
Location and Function of the Triceps
- At the top of each arm at the back
- Extend arm at the elbow
Location and Function of the Deltoids
- In the upper part of the body, covering the shoulders
- Raise the arms in all directions at the shoulder
Location and Function of the Biceps
- At the top of the arm at the front
- Flex the arm at the elbow
Location and Function of the Quadriceps
- At the top of the leg at the front
- Extends the leg at the knee
Location and Function of Pectoralis majors
- Upper part of the chest at the front
- Adduct the arm at the shoulder
Location and Function of the External obliques
- Either side of the abdomen
- Pull the chest downwards. Flex and rotate the spinal column
Location and Function of the Tibialis anterior
- Runs down the shin
- Pull the toes up towards the shin (dorsi-flexion)
Location and Function of the Hip flexors
- Sit deep in the front of the hip and connect to the leg
- Flex the hip, help the leg and knee up towards the body
What are voluntary muscles ?
Voluntary muscles are under your control, you can choose when to contract or relax them . Voluntary muscles can only pull they do this by contracting
Why are voluntary important in sport ?
They control if you were running for example you have control of your legs .
What are Involuntary muscles?
Involuntary muscles are the muscles we cant control . They can contract and relax automatically by involuntary muscles system . They can be found in the digestive organs and urinary systems .
Why do we need the involutray muscles ?
Its good to get rid of the build up of lactic acid and helps oxygen flow around your body
What is a cardiac muscles ?
Only found in the wall of the heart it is a very special specialised type of involuntary muscle. Cardia muscles is made up of interlaced fibres . These fibres can spread electronicall signals from the brain right through the heart making the cells all. Contract together
What do we mean by antagonistic pairs ?
An antagonistic pairs is where one muscles contracts (agonist) against the other relaxes (antagonist) to allow the joint to work
Examples: Bicep,tricep
Quadriceps,hamstring
Tibuliaes anterior,gastrocnemius
Whats the antagonistic pairs that contract and relax?
Contract =Agonist(mr angry)
Relaxes=Antagonist(not angry)
What are slow twitch fibre -Type 1?
Type 1 fibres are a slow contraction velocity, are very resistant to fatigue and are capable of repeated low -level contractions producing large amounts of ATP -Example=marathon runner
What are fast twitch - type 2a fibres?
Type 2a fibres are manufacture and split ATP at a fast by using both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism and its produce a fast,strong muscle contractions . Example=800m runner
What are the fast twitch - type 2b fibres?
Type 2b produce ATP at a slow rate by anaerobic metabolism and break it down very quickly. This results in extremely fast muscle contractions to produce short,fast bursts of power and rapid fatigue .
Example=100m runner
What are Voluntary muscles?
Muscles that you control, you can choose when to contract and relax. Voluntary muscles can only pull, not push.
What are involuntary muscles?
- Involuntary muscles are not under our control. They contract and relax automatically controlled by the involuntary nervous system. - - They are usually made up of spindle shaped fibres. By muscles contracting and relaxing they help distribute blood which contains oxygen
Why do we need involuntary muscles in sport?
- They are usually made up of spindle shaped fibres. By muscles contracting and relaxing they help distribute blood which contains oxygen
What are cardiac muscles?
Muscles only found in the wall of the heart, it is a very specialised type of involuntary muscle. Cardiac muscles are made up of interfaced fibres.
What are Antagonistic pairs
Muscles working in pairs to enable movement
What is the muscle that contracts called in an Antagonistic pair
Agonist (Mr.Angry)
What is the muscle that relaxes called in an Antagonistic pair
Antagonist
What are the 3 Antagonistic pairs you need to know?
- Bicep and Tricep
- Quadricep and Hamstring
- Tibialis anterior and Gastrocnemius
What are slow twitch fibres?
Slow twitch (type 1) - dark in colour because of myoglobin and have a good O2 supply
What are Fast twitch fibres
Fast twitch (type 2 ) -
There are different types of muscles fibres
Slow twitch - Type I (marathon runner)
Fast twitch - Type IIA (800m runner)
Type IIB (100m runner)
