Aerobic and Anaerobic Energy Systems

Question 1

Where is glucose stored?

And as what?

Answer 1

In the liver and muscles as glycogen

Question 2

What does aerobic mean?

Answer 2

With oxygen

Question 3

What is the formula for aerobic respiration?

Answer 3

Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + ATP

Question 4

What is the formula for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 4

Glucose —> energy + lactic acid

Question 5

What is the waste product of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 5

Lactic acid

Question 6

Examples of sports that require anaerobic respiration?

Answer 6

• 100m and 200m sprint
• Weightlifting

These sports are typically high intensity

Question 7

Glucose

Answer 7

A major source of energy for cells in the body

Question 8

Aerobic respiration

Answer 8

The process of releasing energy from glucose, using oxygen

Question 9

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 9

The process of releasing energy from glucose, without oxygen

Question 10

Aerobic exercise

Answer 10

Working out at a moderate intensity allowing the body time to utilise oxygen for energy production and to work for a continuous period (e.g long distance events)

Question 11

Lactic acid

Answer 11

A colourless acid produced in muscle tissues during strenuous exercise when the body is exercising anaerobically at high intensity.

Question 12

Cramp

Answer 12

Painful, involuntary contraction of a muscle, usually caused by fatigue

Question 13

Complex carbohydrates

Answer 13

Food of this type help to provide long lasting energy for exercise and should form about half of your daily intake

Question 14

Simple carbohydrates

Answer 14

They provide a quick fix of energy. For example eating a banana at half-time

Question 15

Free sugars

Answer 15

Any sugars added to food or drinks or found naturally in honey, syrups and unsweetened fruit juices

Question 16

Where will the energy for short high intensity exercise (anaerobic) come from?

Answer 16

The energy you need will come from carbohydrates

Question 17

Where will the energy you need for longer exercise (aerobic), two hours or more, come from?

Answer 17

The energy will come from carbohydrates and fats. This will use more energy from your fat stores

Question 18

When should you have a pre-match meal?

Answer 18

You should have a light meal, high in carbohydrates, at least 2 hours before playing

Question 19

Why is it bad to eat too much directly before playing?

Answer 19

Because then blood will be diverted away from the muscles being used and to the stomach for digestion

Question 20

The short term effects of Physical Activity on muscles

Answer 20

• Muscle Fatigue (build of lactic acid)

Question 21

Short term effects of Physical Activity on the heart

Answer 21

• Increased heart rate
• Increased stroke volume
• Increased cardiac output