Muscle disease Flashcards
What is seen on biopsy of Polymyositis?
Muscle fibres in various stages of inflammation, necrosis and regeneration.
What are the clinical features of Polymyositis?
Muscle weakness
-symmetrical in proximal muscles
Gottrons sign, Heliotrope rash and Shawl sign are all signs of __________
Dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disease, thus multiple organs are involved. Other than the rash it commonly presents with ____ _____ _____
interstitial lung disease
What muscles tend to be affected by Polymyositis?
- quadriceps
- deltoid
- muscles of hand
What 2 basic examination tests for Polymyositis can be carried out in the clinic?
- Confrontational testing - push against doctor’s hand
2. Isotonic testing - sit to stand
What blood tests are relevant in Polymyositis?
- CK
- Inflammatory markers (CRP)
- ANA, Anti-Jo-1 (autoantibodies)
Electromyography is a diagnostic test for Polymyositis
True
What drugs are used for polymysositis?
- steroids (Prednisolone)
- Immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate, ciclosporin
- IV immunoglobulin
- Rituximab (biologic)
Polymyositis and Inclusion Body Myositis are more common in females (T/F)
False
Inclusion body myositis is more common in men
Distal/proximal muscles are affected in Inclusion body myositis.
Distal muscles
- wrist and finger flexors
- quadriceps and anterior tibial muscles
What is seen on biopsy in Inclusion body myositis?
inclusion bodies
What drugs’ side effects may mimic myositis symptoms?
statins
Extreme muscle stiffness in shoulder and hip girdle, especially in the morning, with normal muscle strength are characteristic of…
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Headache, scalp tender to touch, jaw claudication and visual loss are features of _____ _____ _____
Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)
