Children's orthopaedics

Question 1

Bones grow longitudinally from the _____ _____ by enchondral ossification.
They grow circumferentially from the _________ by appositional growth

Answer 1

growth plate (physis)

periosteum

Question 2

At __-__ months an infant should sit alone and crawl.
At - months they should stand
At - months they should walk

Answer 2

6-9 months: sits and crawls

8-12 months: stands

14-17 months: walks

Question 3

In terms of knee alignment, Varum means _____ _____ and Valgus means _____ _____

Answer 3

varum = bow legged (outside facing)

valgum = knock kneed

Question 4

Genu Varum is a pathological condition in children under 5yo - orthopaedic consult is essential.

Answer 4

False

should resolve with time

Question 5

Growth arrest of medial tibial physis of unknown aetiology, with a Beak-like protrusion on X-ray, is known as ______ Disease

Answer 5

Blounts disease

Question 6

What simple test can confirm whether flat feet are fixed (w/ abnormal connections between bones) or flexible?

Answer 6

Stand on toes

-if medial arch develops, then there are no abnormal connections