Modules 51-53

Question 1

mood:climate as – is to weather

Answer 1

affect

Question 2

Person experiences two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.

Answer 2

major depressive disorder

Question 3

Person experiences mildly depressed mood more often than not for at least two years, alongwith at
least two other symptoms.

Answer 3

persistent depressive disorder

Question 4

Person experiences not only depression but also mania— impulsive behavior.

Answer 4

bipolar disorder

Question 5

loss of interest or pleasure

Answer 5

anhedonia

Question 6

– change with depression

Answer 6

behaviors and thoughts

Question 7

T/F: depression is widespread

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Women’s risk of major depression is nearly – men’s

Answer 8

double

Question 9

T/F: Most major depressive episodes end on their own.

Answer 9

true

Question 10

With each new generation, depression is striking – in life and affecting more people.

Answer 10

earlier

Question 11

depression in – are likely to be irritable and angry

Answer 11

men

Question 12

Brain activity – during depression

Answer 12

slows

Question 13

left frontal lobe is – during depression

Answer 13

less active

Question 14

depressed brain has less norepinephrine and –

Answer 14

serotonin

Question 15

risk increases if – has disorders

Answer 15

family members

Question 16

Twin studies data estimated heritability of major depression at – percent

Answer 16

37

Question 17

Linkage analysis points to –

Answer 17

“chromosome neighborhood”

Question 18

Many – work together and produce interacting small effects that increase risk for depression

Answer 18

genes

Question 19

from most to least heritability of disorders

Answer 19

bipolar, schizophrenia, anorexia, major depressive, generalized anxiety

Question 20

Psychological and social influences: Social- cognitive perspective
depressed people view self and world –

Answer 20

negatively

Question 21

– may exist with self-defeating beliefs, self-focused rumination, and self-blaming and pessimistic explanatory style

Answer 21

Learned helplessness

Question 22

Explores how people’s assumptions and expectations

influence their perceptions

Answer 22

social-cognitive perspective

Question 23

Views depression as an ongoing – of stressful experiences (interpreted through negative beliefs, attributions, and memories) leading to negative moods and actions and fueling new stressful experiences

Answer 23

cycle

Question 24

Involves 1 million people worldwide; higher risk with

diagnosis of depression but may occur with rebound

Answer 24

suicide

Question 25

suicide is more likely to occur when people feel – from or burden to others

Answer 25

disconnected

Question 26

Includes cutting, burning, hitting oneself, pulling out hair, inserting objects under nails or skin, self- administered tattooing

Answer 26

nonsuicidal self-injury

Question 27

– percent of college students have suicidal thoughts

Answer 27

30%

Question 28

suicide is the – leading cause of deaths

Answer 28

3rd

Question 29

– is the leading factors for suicidal

Answer 29

depression

Question 30

Psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished, inappropriate emotional expression

Answer 30

schizophrenia

Question 31

• Disturbed perceptions
• Disorganized thinking and speech
• Diminished and inappropriate emotions and actions

Answer 31

symptoms of schizophrenia

Question 32

Form of schizophrenia in which symptoms usually appear by late adolescence or early adulthood

Answer 32

chronic schizophrenia

Question 33

form of psychosis that can begin at any age; frequently occurs in response to an emotionally traumatic event

Answer 33

brief psychotic disorder

Question 34

schizophrenia: excess number of – receptors

Answer 34

dopamine

Question 35

schizophrenia: abnormal brain activity and –

Answer 35

anatomy

Question 36

schizophrenia: problems with several brain regions and their –

Answer 36

interconnections

Question 37

schizophrenia: – activity in the frontal lobes

Answer 37

low

Question 38

schizophrenia: more rapid –

Answer 38

tissue loss

Question 39

odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia are – in 100

Answer 39

1

Question 40

odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia are 1 in – for those with diagnosed family member

Answer 40

10

Question 41

odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia: adopted children’s risk is related to – parent

Answer 41

biological

Question 42

schizophrenia is influenced by – genes

Answer 42

many

Question 43

schizophrenia: – influence gene expression

Answer 43

epigenetic factors

Question 44

prenatal environment and risk for schizophrenia: – birth weight

Answer 44

low

Question 45

prenatal environment and risk for schizophrenia: lack of – during delivery

Answer 45

oxygen

Question 46

prenatal environment and risk for schizophrenia: maternal prenatal –

Answer 46

nutrition

Question 47

prenatal environment and risk for schizophrenia: mid pregnancy –

Answer 47

viral infection

Question 48

disruptive, inflexible, and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning; forms three clusters, characterized by anxiety, eccentric or odd behaviors, and dramatic or impulsive behaviors

Answer 48

personality disorder

Question 49

lack of conscience for wrongdoing; impulsive, fearless

Answer 49

antisocial personality disorder

Question 50

person maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight

Answer 50

anorexia nervosa

Question 51

person alternates binge eating with purging, fasting, or excessive exercise

Answer 51

bulimia nervosa

Question 52

heritability rates: bipolar disorder

Answer 52

85%

Question 53

heritability rates: schizophrenia

Answer 53

80%

Question 54

heritability rates: anorexia nervosa

Answer 54

60%

Question 55

heritability rates: major depressive disorder

Answer 55

35%

Question 56

heritability rates: generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 56

28%