Module 16

Question 1

– transition from puberty to social independence

Answer 1

adolescence

Question 2

Early maturing in boys: More popular, self-assured,
and independent; more at risk for alcohol use,
delinquency, and premature –

Answer 2

sexual activity

Question 3

Early maturing girls: Mismatch between physical
and emotional maturity may encourage search for
–; teasing or sexual harassment may occur

Answer 3

older teens

Question 4

Teens: Frontal lobe development and – occur and may produce irrational and risky behaviors

Answer 4

synaptic pruning

Question 5

– believed in developing reasoning power in teens; Develop new abstract thinking tools (formal
operations)

Answer 5

Piaget

Question 6

– believed in developing moral reasoning in teens; Use moral reasoning that develops in universal sequence to guide moral actions

Answer 6

Kolhberg

Question 7

much of morality rooted in moral intuitions that

are made quickly and automatically

Answer 7

Haidt

Question 8

Moral cognition is often automatic but can be overridden

Answer 8

Greene

Question 9

moral action feeds –

Answer 9

moral attitudes

Question 10

Ability to delay gratification linked to more positive outcomes in adulthood

Answer 10

Mischel

Question 11

Self-interest; obey rules to avoid punishment or gain concrete rewards

Answer 11

preconventional morality (before age 9)

Question 12

Uphold laws and rules to gain social approval or maintain social order

Answer 12

conventional morality (early adolescence)

Question 13

Actions reflect belief in basic rights and self- defined ethical principles

Answer 13

postconventional morality (adolescence and beyond)

Question 14

Adolescence struggle involves – versus role confusion-continuing into adulthood

Answer 14

identity

Question 15

Social identity involves the “–” aspect of self- concept that comes from group memberships.

Answer 15

we

Question 16

Healthy identity formation is followed by capacity to build –

Answer 16

close relationships

Question 17

Influence of parents and peers is –.

Answer 17

complementary

Question 18

Includes the time from 18 to mid-twenties in a not-yet-

settled phase of life

Answer 18

emerging adulthood

Question 19

emerging adulthood is characterized by not yet assuming adult responsibilities and independences and feelings of being –

Answer 19

“in between”

Question 20

T/F: early adulthood may involve living with and still being emotionally dependent on parents

Answer 20

true

Question 21

Muscular strength, reaction time, sensory keenness

and cardiac output peak in mid-twenties.

Answer 21

early adulthood

Question 22

Physical vigor more closely linked to health and

exercise than age

Answer 22

middle adulthood

Question 23

during middle adulthood, physical decline and fertility decline is –

Answer 23

gradual

Question 24

Visual sharpness, distance perception, and stamina diminish; pupils shrink and become less transparent

Answer 24

late adulthood

Question 25

Exercise slows aging and stimulates -- and neural connections

Answer 25

brain cell development

Question 26

-- is peak time for some learning and memory.

Answer 26

early adulthood

Question 27

-- shows greater decline in ability to recall rather than recognize memory.

Answer 27

middle adulthood

Question 28

-- is characterized by better retention of meaningful than meaningless information, longer word production time.

Answer 28

late adulthood

Question 29

End of life is characterized by terminal decline; typically occurs during last -- years of life

Answer 29

four

Question 30

NCD

Answer 30

neurocognitive disorders

Question 31

Acquired (not lifelong) disorders marked by cognitive | deficits

Answer 31

NCDs

Question 32

NCDs are often related to Alzheimer’s disease, brain injury or disease, or --

Answer 32

substance abuse

Question 33

NCDs results in the erosion of -- that is not typical of normal aging

Answer 33

mental abilities

Question 34

- Marked by neural plaques, often with an onset after age 80 | - Entails a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive abilities

Answer 34

Alzheimer's disease

Question 35

Memory, then reasoning, deteriorates. As the disease continues to run its course: Emotionally flatness, disorientation and disinhibition, incontinence, and mental vacancy occurs

Answer 35

disease progression

Question 36

Loss of brain cells and deterioration of acetylcholine- producing neurons; protein fragments that accumulate as plaque

Answer 36

neural involvement

Question 37

Midlife -- occurs in early forties

Answer 37

transition

Question 38

Social clock -- from era to era and culture to culture

Answer 38

varies

Question 39

being productive and supporting future generations

Answer 39

generativity

Question 40

forming close relationships

Answer 40

intimacy

Question 41

Divorce rates related to women’s increased ability to -- and their higher expectations for a mate

Answer 41

support themselves

Question 42

-- marriage related to higher divorce rates

Answer 42

trial

Question 43

Work provides a sense of competence, accomplishment, and -- for many adults.

Answer 43

self-definition

Question 44

-- grow after midlife and negative feelings decline.

Answer 44

Positive feelings

Question 45

Brain-wave reactions to negative images -- with age.

Answer 45

diminish

Question 46

Our ability to handle tasks and our organizational skills grow dramatically in our 20s and continue to improve as we age.

Answer 46

conscientiousness

Question 47

The initial growth of conscientiousness is in our -- is likely due to new work and family commitments

Answer 47

20s

Question 48

Our warmth, generosity, and helpfulness make the biggest improvement in our 30s and 40s; like conscientiousness, changes in agreeableness are probably due to new work and family commitments.

Answer 48

agreeableness

Question 49

Worry and our sense of instability actually decrease with age for women--but not for men.

Answer 49

neuroticism

Question 50

our desire to try new experiences declines slightly with age for both genders

Answer 50

openness

Question 51

our need to seek social support declines slightly for women as they age, but changes little in men

Answer 51

extraversion