Modern Slavery Flashcards
Definition of Modern Slavery
-Forced labour
-Forced marriage
Where a person cannot refuse or leave because of threats, violence, coercion, deception or abuse of power.
Forms of Modern Slavery
-Human trafficking
-Forced labour
-Debt bondage/bonded labour
-Descent based slavery (born into it)
-Slavery of children
-Forced and early marriage
Modern Slavery Act 2015 Offences
1) Slavery, servitude and forced or compulsory labour
2) Human trafficking
3) Meaning of exploitation
4) Committing offence with intent to commit offence under S.2 of the act
A person commits an offence if they know/ought to know they hold another in slavery or servitude
OR
A person knows or ought to know they require another to perform force or compulsory labour.
Human Trafficking - Modern Slavery Act 2015
A person commits an offence if the person arranges or facilitates the travel of another person with a view to them being exploited.
(irrelevant whether they consented to travel, more details). Can be anywhere in the world if you are a British national, only within UK for foreign nationals.
Define Exploitation (Modern Slavery)
One of the following must apply:
-Slavery, servitude and forced or compulsory labour
-Sexual exploitation
-Removal of organs
-Securing services by force, threats or deception
-Securing services from children and vulnerable persons
Define sexual exploitation
An offence is done under the:
S.1a of the Protection of Children Act 1978 (indecent photographs of children)
Part 1 Sexual Offences Act 2003 or involves commission of such an offence if it were done in England/Wales.
Define Removal of Organs
Person is encouraged, required or expected to do anything:
which involves the commission by themselves or another of an offence under S.32 and S.33 OF The Human Tissue Act 2004
Securing Services by Force, Threats or Deception
(a) To provide services of any kind
(b) to provide another person with benefits of any kind, or
(c) to enable another person to acquire benefits of any kind
Securing Services from Children and Vulnerable Persons
Targeting children or adults that are mentally or physical ill or disabled or lack family relations for modern slavery.
STPOs
Slavery and trafficking prevention orders
Helps protect victims
STROs
Slavery and Trafficking Risk Orders
Stop defendant becoming involved
Sentencing for STPR and STRO
5 year sentencing for breach
How do people get stuck in slavery?
Vulnerable people taking big risks to provide for family
Violence and threats, no possession, means of return and forced to be reliant on traffickers.
Signs of someone may be trapped in slavery
-Under control of someone else
-Reluctant to interact with others or those in authority
-No personal identification on them
-Few personal belongings, same clothes every day, unsuitable clothes
-Not able to move around freely
-Appear frightened/withdrawn/signs of abuse
-Being dropped off/collected for work in the same way at unusual times
Physical Indicators of Slavery
Physical (unexplained and untreated) and work related injuries (inadequate PPE)
Infections/disease
headaches/dizzy/poory memory - neurological symptoms
Dental problems
Disfigurements
