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Police College > Mental Health > Flashcards

Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mental health incident?

A

“Any police incident thought to relate to someone’s mental health where their vulnerability is at the centre of the incident or where the police have had to do something additionally or differently because of it.”

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2
Q

Structural Factors affecting mental health

A

-Safe living environment
-Education
-Employment
-Freedom from discrimination and violence
- Access to economic resources

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3
Q

Community Factors affecting mental health

A

-A positive sense of belonging
-Community Contentedness
-Activities to highlight and embrace diversity
-Social Support
-Participation in society

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4
Q

Individual Factors affecting mental health

A

-Life experiences
-The ability to manage thoughts
-Coping with triggers
-Having communication and social skills to support connection with others

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5
Q

Neurological conditions (not mental illness)

A

Learning disability and autism

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6
Q

Define Mental disorder

A

Any disorder or disability of the mind (S.1(2) MHA 1983)

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7
Q

People who are vulnerable because of mental health are also…

A

high risk of going missing (4/5 missing adults have poor mental health)

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8
Q

Physical conditions that can relate to poor mental health

A

-Diabetes
-Epilepsy
-urinary tract infections
-strokes
Can cause confusion, agitation, loss of awareness, random body movements, depression and anxiety

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9
Q

Drugs and Alcohol that can relate to poor mental health

A

-Drugs can exacerbate poor mental health
-Some drugs can trigger schizophrenia
-Drugs can mask symptoms of an underlying mental health condition.

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10
Q

Behaviour associated with learning disabilities

A

-Distress
-Aggression
-Confusion
-Inability to communicate clearly

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11
Q

Mental health misconceptions

A

-Unreliable victims or witnesses
-Can’t be prosecuted if they break the law
-Can’t make day-to-day decisions
-lacks capacity to make any decision

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12
Q

Mental Health Act (MHA) 1983

A

Grants powers and responsibilities to police in relation to people with mental health conditions. Covers assessment, treatment and rights.

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13
Q

Mental Capacity Act (MCA) 2005

A

Provides legal framework for intervening in decision making for over 16’s who lack capacity to make a decision. 5 principles are:

1) Assume the person has capacity unless proven otherwise
2) Enable capacity by assisting the person when making a decision
3) If they make an unwise/eccentric decision, they must be respected.
4) If a person lacks capacity, treatment decisions must be made in the person’s best interests.
5) Treatment should be the least restrictive option to the person’s rights/freedoms

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14
Q

Warrant to search for and remove patients - S.135(1) MHA 1983

A

Warrant where reasonable suspicion exists that person needs a mental health assessment.
Constable may enter by force (if necessary) with a warrant if they suspect a person suffering a mental health disorder has been ill-treated or unable to care for himself (and is alone). The constable may then move them to a place off safety with a view to making arrangements for treatment.
Basically police attend to help if they kick off.

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15
Q

Effective communication skills

A

-Putting individual at ease, so they can talk about their illness/disability
-Reduce the risk of injury to all parties present
-Help provide valuable information if an individual intends to self-harm or take their own life, or if there is an immediate concern for the safety of the public
-Enable you to make an informed decision and help minimise any risks

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16
Q

Facilitators (Mental Health)

A

May need family member, carer or appropriate adult to facilitate communications

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17
Q

Verbal communication skills

A

-Use short sentences and simple, jargon-free language
-Take care with choice of words and tone of voice
-Break information into smaller chunks so one idea/concept is explained at a time
-Pause frequently to make sure you don’t overload them with words
-Go at the pace of the person you are communicating with
-Ask simple questions about what help the person needs/their welfare/what they expect
-Give the person time to take in information and repeat/rephrase what you are saying if they don’t understand
-Repeat back what they say so you know you understand
-Acknowledge what the person feels
-Be patient, calm and respectful

18
Q

Non-Threatening body language

A

-Use non-threatening open body language
-Give the person your full attention and gain their attention
-Avoid staring
-Try not to look at notes/mobile device/computer screen
-Make sure the person can see you clearly
-Use visual aids like photos to support what you are saying
-move to a quiet location
-Give the person space, be compassionate and patient
-Manage your demeanour, facial and body language.

19
Q

De-escalating skills

A

-Be aware of personal space
-Talk slowly and calmly
-Police officer is not always the best de-escalated if the person finds them daunting. Ambulance/family may be better.
-Do not make promises, may expectation/limitations clear.

20
Q

Removal of mentally disordered persons without a warrant S.136 MHA 1983

A

Emergency power that allows for the removal of a person believed to be suffering a mental health issue to a place of safety.
-Person needs immediate need of care and control and
- it is in the interest of that person or for the protection of others.
Cannot be used in any house, flat, garden, outhouse or room where a person is living but otherwise powers of entry exists for any non-dwelling
Consultation of registered medical practioner must occur if possible

21
Q

S.136 detained in a…

A

Ambulance, who make an assessment of hospital or place of safety.
Only taken to police custody in exceptional (dangerous) circumstances with Inspector authority and never under 18. Should have healthcare professional present where practicable.
Police may follow an ambulance or be transported in ambulance with person. May get inspector authority to travel in car.

22
Q

RAVE

A

Police get involved in mental health incidents if there is Resistance, aggression, violence or escape.

23
Q

Safe and Well Checks checklist

A

Establish a person’s location and ascertain whether the individual is ABC (Alive, breathing and conscious. If you find someone escaping hospital you have two options:
1) Inform hospital and leave them there if they are safe pending decisions by an AMHP (Approved Mental Health Professional) to admit them UNDER MHA 1983
2) Remain in as close proximity you are legally able to and contact a crisis team for urgent assessment
No power of entry

24
Q

VAF information - personal

A

Vulnerability Assessment Framework necessary 1) Personal information
2) Behaviour information
3) Existing support
4) Consent
5) Escalation

25
Q

Mental Health Statistics

A

-1/4 adults experience mental health problem each year
-2020 1/6 experienced mental health problems
-Black people 4x more likely to be detained under MHA than white people
-Children/Adults in low income families are 2-3x more likely to experience mental health problems than those in the highest income families

26
Q

Re-taking of patients escaping from custody - S.138 MHA 1983

A

AMHP and police may detain/recover someone who has escaped lawful custody when:
-someone has escaped from S.135(1) or S.136 and return them to a place of safety
-someone who escaped after being sectioned but before being admitted to hospital.
NO POWERS OF ENTRY

27
Q

S.136 time frame

A

24 hours detention time from arrival at the hospital to get an assessment.

28
Q

Protective Search Power (Mental Health)

A

S.136C allows police officers to search people detained under S.135 or S.136 who have reasonable belief the person may be a danger to themselves or others AND is concealing something on them which could be used to cause physical injury.

29
Q

S.135(2) MHA 1983

A

Allows for a warrant to re-take Escaped/AWOL Patient

30
Q

Admission for Assessment - S.2 MHA 1983

A

Detention to hospital up to 28 days for further assessment and treatment

31
Q

Admission for Treatment - S.3 MHA 1983

A

Detention up to 6 months for treatment

32
Q

Patient Leave of Absence - S.17 MHA 1983

A

Responsible Clinician may grant leave with conditions.

33
Q

S.18 MHA - Return and Re-admission of Patient AWOL

A

Police/relevant healthcare professional may be taken into custody if they are detained under S.5(2), S.2, 2.3 or S.7 MHA 1983

34
Q

S.2 Mental Capacity Act 2005

A

“a person lacks capacity in relation to a matter if at the material time he is unable to make a decision for himself in relation to the matter because of an impairment of, or a disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brain”
Can be permanent or short term

35
Q

S.3 MCA 2005

A

Lacking capacity can mean they cannot:
1) Understand information given to them about the decision to be made
2) Retain the information long enough to make a decision
3) Use or weigh up that information
4) Communicate their decision

36
Q

Examples of mental impairment affecting capacity

A

-Mental Health problem
-Brain Injury/stroke
-Dementia
-Illness, intoxication or medication
-Significant learning disability
-Trauma such as bereavement
-Unconsciousness

37
Q

IDCURE

A

I Impairment of, or;
D Disturbance in, their mind or brain? If yes, can they:
C Communicate their decision to you in any form?
U Understand the information relating to the decision required?
R Retain information long enough to make the decision?
E Evaluate (use or weigh up) information pertinent to make the decision?

38
Q

MAC Police Intervention

A

-People attempting/threatening suicide
-Victims of serious assaults
-Casualties of major incidents
-Individuals with serious injuries who decline medical aid

39
Q

Best Interests Checklist

A

-Relevant circumstances
-Can the decision wait? (will they regain capacity?)
-What are the person’s belief/values?
-Is there a least restrictive option available?
-Support the person in being involved in the decision-making
-Consider the views of others

40
Q

When dealing with mental capacity…

A

You may use force, ensure you write rationale for force or when you make a decision for them.

Police College (29 decks)

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