Key Concepts and Theories

Question 1

Vulnerability definition

Answer 1

A person is vulnerable if, as a result of their situation or circumstances, they are unable to take care or protect themselves, or others, from harm or exploitation

Question 2

Two types of factors that can lead to vulnerability

Answer 2

Personal (age, disability etc)
Situational (adverse social circles, grooming etc)

Question 3

Define Victim

Answer 3

“A victim is a person who has suffered harm, including physical, mental or emotional harm or economic loss which was directly caused by a criminal offence. Also a close relative (or nominated family spokesperson) of a person whose death was directly caused by a criminal offence. “

Question 4

Witness definition

Answer 4

A person, other than a defendant who is likely to give evidence in court

Question 5

Significant witness definition

Answer 5

Have or claim to have witnessed an indictable offence or have a particular relationship to the victim or have a central position in an investigation into an indictable offence.

Question 6

Competent Witness definition

Answer 6

When the witness can understand the questions put to him or her, and can also provide coherent answers, then he or she is deemed competent.

Question 7

Reluctant Witnesses Definition

Answer 7

witnesses may be reluctant to engage with the process because fear of perpetrator, uncertainty or negative perception of police etc.

Question 8

Hostile Witness definition

Answer 8

Reasons for hostility can include a close relationship with the perpetrator, intention to appear as a defence witness, or dislike of the police.

Question 9

six types of abuse

Answer 9

-Physical
-Emotional
-Finical
-Discriminatory
-Sexual
-Psychological

Question 10

Coercion

Answer 10

The practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats