Microbiology 19: Viral Infections During Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

List 6 viruses that we are worried about during pregnancy ?

A
Rubella
CMV
HIV
HSV
VZV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 classical signs of congenital rubella syndrome ?

A

Cataracts
Congenital cardiac disease- mainly PDA
Sensorineural hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which tests for rubella are part of the antenatal screening program ?

A
Rubella IgG (+ve in about 98% of women)
Avidity of IgG (high avidity suggests infection was not recent)
Rubella IgM (active infection)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does avidity tell you about when the rubella infection was ?

A

It is a measure of how tightly bound the IgG is to the IgM.

If high avidity it means the IgG and IgM have been bound for a long time so the rubella infection is likely to have occurred over 3 months ago.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give 3 Obstetric risk factors for congenital HSV infection ?

A

Prolonged rupture of membranes
Vaginal delivery
Use of foetal scalp electrodes (integrity of mucocutaneous membranes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 types of presentation of HSV infection ?

A

SEM disease (skin eyes mouth)
CNS disease +- SEM
Disseminated Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between congenital varicella syndrome and varicella neonatal infection ?

A

Varicella neonatal infection is when the infection occurs just prior to or just after the delivery.

Whereas Congenital varicella syndrome is when the infection takes place early in pregnancy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 4 character signs of measles ?

A

Fever
Maculopapular rash (starting behind the ears)
Conjunctivitis
Koplik spots in the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A 11 year old child who had measles as a baby is now falling behind at school and shows signs of developmental delay particularly affecting her motor skills.

What is the name of this rare complication of measles infection ?

A

SSPE - subacute schlerosing panencephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some of the risks of Measles infection during pregnancy ?

A

Foetal loss
Preterm delivery
Increased maternal morbidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List 4 ways in which Parvovirus can present ?

A

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) (slapped cheek syndrome)
Transient aplastic crisis
Arthralgia
Hydros foetalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are 5 signs of Congenital Zika syndrome ?

A
Severe microcephaly
Decreased brain tissue +seizures
Retinopathy 
Talipes
Hypertonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the SEM symptoms seen in congenital HSV infection?

A
  • S (coalescing vesicles
  • E (retinal dysplasia, chorioretinitis,)
  • M (oral ulcers)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the features of CNS HSV infection in the newborn ?

A
  • Encephalitis
  • Seizures
  • Microcephaly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the features of Disseminated HSV infection in the newborn ?

A

Liver- Fulminant hepatitis
Lungs- Pneumonia, haemorhagic pneumonitis
Heart- myocarditis
CNS- Meningoencephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the characteristic result of a lumbar puncture in HSV1 infection in the newborn ?

A

Lymphocytic pleiocytosis
normal glucose
high protein

17
Q

What is the most common non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss in the newborn ?

A

Congenital CMV infection

18
Q

Describe some of the features seen in congenital varicella syndrome ?

A
  • Limb hypoplasia
  • Scarring
  • Cataracts
  • Microcephaly
19
Q

Up to how many weeks gestation is the foetus at significant risk of congenital varicella syndrome ?

A

-20 weeks

20
Q

When can IVIG be given if a women gets into contact with someone who has chicken pox ?

A

-Within 10 days of contact

21
Q

When can a women receive acyclovir if she gets a VZV rash during pregnancy ?

A
  • Within the first 24 hours of the start of the rash

- Should not routinely be given before 20 gestation

22
Q

What is the classical triad of Infective mononucleosis?

A
  • Fever
  • Pharyngitis
  • Lymohadenopathy
23
Q

Which organism causes infective mononucleosis ?

A

EBV