Chempath 23: Enzymes And Cardiac Markers Flashcards
Which 2 organs are most commonly associated with ALP rise in case of pathology ?
Liver
Bone
When does bone release excess ALP ?
In pathologically high Osteoblast activity
How can you differentiate if the pathology is in the liver or Bone when ALP is high?
Measure GGT. If also high it suggests that the liver has the pathology.
List 2 physiological causes of high ALP ?
Pregnancy (ALP is released by the placenta)
Growth spurts in children (bone)
Which 2 bone diseases produce a high ALP (> 5X upper limit) ?
Osteomalacia
Paget’s disease
List 2 pathologies of the liver that cause a high ALP (> 5X upper limit) ?
Cholestasis
Cirrhosis
Which of these causes a high ALP and more than 5X the upper limit ?
A) Bone fracture B) Osteomyelitis C) Hepatitis D) Bone tumours E) Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis
E) Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Cirrhosis of the liver causes a high ALP > 5X the upper limit
The rest are all causes of a high ALP but < 5X the upper limit
Which test would you do to confirm acute pancreatitis ?
Serum Amylase
Pancreatic Lipase - BETTER
Which disease that is normally vaccinated against can cause a high Amylase ?
Mumps
Causes parotid swelling (parotitis) which releases amylase
Which form of Creatine kinase is specific for the heart ?
CK-MB
Which form of Creatine kinase is specific for skeletal muscle?Which one is specific for the brain ?
CK-MM
CK-BB
Which drug used in treatment of cardiovascular disease can causes myalgia or even Rhabdomyelisis and also raised creatine kinase?
Statins
How many hours post MI do troponins start to rise ?
4-6 hours
They peak at 12-24 hours and remain elevated for 3-10 days
Are cardiac markers used to influence decisions about thrombolysis ?
No they are too slow to rise
List 2 cardiac markers that are useful in heart failure ?
ANP (from the atria)
BNP (from the ventricles)
