Microbiology 1: CNS Infections And Meningitis Flashcards
What is the most frequent route of entry for pathogens causing CNS infections ?
Haematogenous spread
List 4 routes of entry to the CNS for pathogens
Haematogenous spread (meningococcus, pneumococcus) Direct implantation (after surgery) Local extension (from the ear) PNS into CNS (rabies)
Which organism is a common cause of neonatal meningitis ?
Group B streptococcus
Floral bacteria in the mothers vagina
What organism commonly causes chronic meningitis ?
Tuberculosis
What organisms can cause aseptic meningitis ?
Enterovirus - coxsackievirus
Herpes simplex
Which organisms cause acute meningitis ?
N.meningitidis
Streptococcus.pneumonia
Haemophilus.influenza
Which N.meningitidis serotypes are there vaccinations for ?
B and C
Which virus transferred by vectors including birds and mosquitoes is becoming a leading cause of encephalitis world wide ?
West Nile virus
Name a bacterial cause of encephalitis ?
Listeria
Which organisms can cause encephalitis via local invasion ?
Amoebae
Which organism causes encephalitis via oral route ? (Eating cat poo 🤮)
Toxoplasmosis- e.g toxoplasma gonadii
What are the most common organisms responsible for brain abscesses ?
Streptococci
Staphylococci
What is the most common route of entry for organisms causing brain abscess ?
Local extension e.g from mastoiditis
Name a common spinal infection ?
Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis
What type of meningitis is suggested by this CSF sample ? What are the likely causative organisms ?
CSF appearance: clear Cells: 0-5 leukocytes Gram stain/antigen tests: negative results Protein: 0.15-0.4 g/l Glucose: 2.2-3.3mmol/m
Normal
No organisms