Micro - Bacteria Flashcards
Obligate aerobes?
Nagging Pest Must Breathe
Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Bacillus
Obligate anaerobes?
Can’t Breath Air
Clostridium, Bacteriodes, Actinomyces
Bugs that can (but do not have to) live Intercellularly
Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY
Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacteria, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersina
Encapsulated Bacteria
SHiNE SKiS
Step pneumo, H flu, Neisseria, E coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella, group B
Pneumovax vs Prevanar
Polysaccharide only vaccine vs conjugated vaccine
Urease + bugs?
CHuck hates PUNKSS
Cryptococcus, H pylori, Proteus, Ureplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S epidermis, Saprophyticus
Yellow sulfur ganules vs yellow pigment?
Actinomyces israelii vs S aureus
Protein A? from? function?
S. aureus - binds Fc region of Ig. No COMPLEMENT and no PHAGOCYTOSIS
IgA protase - which bacteria?
Pneumococcus, Menigiococcus, H Flu
M Protein? from? function?
Group A strep. Prevents phagolysis.
Inactivate elongation factor? How?
Diptheria toxin and Exotoxin A (pseudomonas)
ADP ribosylation
Inactivate 60S ribosome - how?
Shiga toxin and verotoxin. Remove adenine from rRNA - stop protein synthesis
Causes HUS and invades? Causes HUS and doesn’t invade?
Shigella vs Ecoli
Toxins that increase cAMP? Function
heat laible (e coli) - Cl secretion in gut edema factor (bacillus) - mimics adenylate cyclase Cholera toxin - Cl secretion into gut Pertussis toxin - inhibits phagocytic ability
Toxin that cleave SNARE proteins?
Tetanospasmin (inhibts release of GABA/glycine)
Botulinum (inhibits release of ACh)
Toxin that lyses cell membranes?
Alpha toxin (clostridium perfingens) - degrades PPL-C Streptolysin O (S. pyogenes) - Lyses RBCs
Toxins that cause shock? Mech? Activation of?
TSST-1 (S aureus) and Exotoxin A (strep pyo)
Bring MHCII and TCR together. Release of IFN-y and IL2.
POLYCLONAL T-cell activation.
Endotoxin - effects?
ENDOTOXIN Edema (C3a) Nitric Oxide (from macrophages) DIC (coagulation) Outer Membrane TNF-a (fever, hypotension) O-antigen eXtremely heat stable IL-1 (from macrophages) Neutrophil chemotaxis (C5a)
1 Transfomation
2 Conjugation
3 Tranposition
4 Transduction
1 take up DNA from enviornment (most likely)
2 Transfer from other bacteria
3 Gene jumps from one location to another
4 spread of DNA via viruses
F+ vs Hfe
plasmid vs incoporated into chromosonal DNA
Generalized vs specific transduction
Loose bacteria DNA packaged into viral capsid
vs
viral DNA contains attached parts of bacterial DNA
gamma hemolytic gram+ strains - growth in what media?
Group D (enterococcus) grows in bile and salt
vs
Nonenterococcus - grows in bile NOT salt
Staphs - type of hemolysis?
aureus - B-hemolysis
rest - non-hemolytic
Listeria - hemolysis?
Beta