Cardiac DZ Flashcards
S3 murmur suggests? normal in what pts?
Mitral Regurg
children and pregnant women
S4 suggests?
LV hypertrophy
Pt with sycope, angina and dyspena. Heart murmur?
AS
Pt with head bobbing - murmur?
AR
Pt with tosades de pointes - Tx?
Mg sulfate
Pt with defects in cardiac Na/K pumps and congenital sensorineural deafness?
Congenital long QT syndrome.
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
saw-tooth ECG with random QRS complexes. Tx?
A-FLUTTER. B-blocker or Ca-channel inhibitor
Pt with abnormal ECG has stroke. ECG would likely show?
A-fib. Can lead to cardiac stasis
Pt with hypertension, bradycardia and repiratory depression. Mech?
increased ICP cuases arteriolar constriction - results in cerebral ischemia
Ischemia causes increase in BP -
Stretching of baroreceptors causes a decrease in HR
Pt with cyanosis, polycythemia and clubbing. ECHO shows RV hypertrophy. Cause?
Uncorrected congential R-to-L defect that switched (eisenmenger’s syndrome).
VSD, ASD, PDA
Pt with notching of ribs and weak pedal pulses. Also may have?
Adult-type coarctation. Bicuspid aortic valvue
New born with machine murmur of heart. Tx?
PDA. Given endomethacin
Pt with 22q11 - Heart defect?
Truncus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot
Pt with Down syndrome - Heart defect?
endocardial cushion defects: ASD, VSD, AV septal defect
pt with congential rubella - Heart defect?
septal defects, PDA, pul artery stenosis
Mother with diabeties - Heart defect of child?
transposition of great vessels
Freiderich’s ataxia - death from?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Pt with Left flank pain, pulsitile ab mass. Will see what on imaging?
Ruptured Ab aortic aneurysm
Pt with with chest pain has CXR. Mediastinal widening?
Aortic dissection
Pt with Marfan’s suddenly dies. Cause?
MVP (Aortic dissection can’t cause sudden death)
Pt with ST-elevated MI. Which artery most likely?
LAD>R coronary>LCA
Pt who dies from sudden cardiac death post MI. Cause?
V-Fib
Pt with S4, apical impulses and systolic murmur. Tx?
HCM. S4 - difficultly filling LV. B-blocker or non-dhydropyridine ca-channel blocker
Pt with S3, balloon appearance on CXR. Tx?
Dilated cardiomyopathy. Restrict Na, ACE inhibitors, digoxin.
Pt with endomyocardial fibrosis and eosinophils?
Lofflers. Restrictive CM
Improves symptoms and mortality in CHF patients?
B-blockers, hydralazine, nitrate therapy