Mental Retardation Flashcards
Students will be able to list diagnostic criteria for Mental Retardation and identify level of mental retardation when given information regarding IQ score and adaptive functioning. Students will be able to identify most likely type of Learning Disability when given patient history. Students will be able to correctly identify the following genetic and developmental disorders when given key features (whether written or visual): Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Down Syndrome, Fragile X, Prader-Will
Dx criteria for MR
IQ < 70
deficits in adaptive behaivior functioning
onset before 18 years
factors affecting IQ
genetics envirinment emotional/behavior factors education cultural bias
ways to measure adaptive behaivior
communication daily living skills social skills motor skills behaivior scales
IQ 70-80 type
borderline
IQ 50-70 type
mild
IQ 35-40 type
moderate
IQ 20-35 type
severe
IQ <20
profound
Chromosomal causes of MR
trisomy 21 (Down)
Fragile X
Kleinfelter’s
Turner’s
kleinfelter’s syndrome karotype
XXY
Turner’s syndrome karotype
X0
prenatal casues of MR
maternal diabetes Maternal infection brain defects Malnutrtrion toxin exopsure low birth weight
perinatal casues of MR
extreme prematurity
blood group incompatabilty
brain trauma
hypoxia
postnatal causes of MR
trauma CNS disease tumor malnutrition radation Pb exposure asphyxia
risk factors for DS
maternal age
radiation
SX of DS
hypotonia, decreased stature, flat facies, slanted palpebral fissure, heart defects
life expectancy of DS
40-50 years
brain disease with high risk in DS
alzheimer’s
average IQ in DS
50
chromosomeal aberattions in DS
trisomy 21
mosaicism
translocation of chromosomes 21 and 15
2nd most common inherited cause of MR
Fragile X
physical Sx of Fragile X
macroorchisism (large gonads), prominent jaws and ears, long and narrow facies, short stature
mentral sx of fragile X
poor attention and impusivity
rapid, persecerative speech
mental comorbidities of fragile X
ADHD, LD, PDD
chromosomal aberation in Prader-Willi
deletion of 15
SX Prader-Willi syndrome
compulsive eating and obesity MR Hypogonadism small stature, hands and feet ODD
chromosome abnormality in Cri-du-Chat
deletion of 5
signs of FAS
growth deficiency
mild-moderate MR
short palperbral fissures
midface hypoplasia
problems in FAS
microcephaly
sexiures
cardiac defects
hyperactiviy, poor attention, LD
MR DDx
sensory deficits
speech deficits
cerebral palsy
PDD
definition of learning disorders
measured achievement in a SPECIFIC academic area, rather than globally
types of LD
reading disorder
math disorder
writing disorder
50% comorbidity disease with LD
ADHD
definition of developmental coordination diosorder
marked delays in gross/fine motor development not due to CP, MD, or PDD
