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CNS I > herpes virus > Flashcards

herpes virus Flashcards

Diagnose Herpes simplex virus-1 and HSV-2 from clinical presentation and lab findings. Differentiate the pathogenesis of HSV in adult and neonatal patients. Compare and contrast the pathogenesis of chickenpox and shingles. Recommend immunization for varicella-zoster virus. Describe how acyclovir inhibits herpesviruses.

1
Q

describe the Herpes virus

A

2x stranded DNA
Capsid
Glycoprotein envelope

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2
Q

the glycoprotein envelope makes the herpes virus….

A

sensitive to heat (labile)

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3
Q

mediates attachment of the HSV to host cells

A

glycoproteins whoch act as receotirs

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4
Q

targets for herpes therapy

A

DNA polymerase and thymidine kinase

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5
Q

generally causes lesions “above the waist”

A

HSV-1

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6
Q

generally causes lesions “below the waist”

A

HSV-2

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7
Q

location of HSV latency

A

sensory neurons of neural ganglia

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8
Q

can activate latent HSV infection

A

UV exposure, menstration, fever, infection, stress and some drug interactions

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9
Q

immune defense to intial HSV infection

A

interferon and NK

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10
Q

immune defense to spread of HSV infection after intial phase

A

T cells, activated macrophages

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11
Q

HSV usually aquired by age 2

A

HSV-1

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12
Q

HSV often aquired after sexual maturity

A

HSV-2

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13
Q

natural host of HSV

A

humans only

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14
Q

epidemiologically associated with cervical cancer

A

HSV-2

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15
Q

causes genital herpes

A

1 and 2

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16
Q

causes gingivostomastitis

A

1

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17
Q

causes keeratocinjunctivitis

A

1

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18
Q

causes cutaneous herpes

A

1 and 2

19
Q

causes encephalitis

A

1

20
Q

causes neonatal herpes

A

2

21
Q

causes meningioencphalitis

A

2

22
Q

causes herpes labilalis (cold sores)

A

1

23
Q

causes childhood pharyngitis

A

1

24
Q

Herpes whitlow def

A

sores on the hands of dentists

25
Q

signs of congentital herpes at birth

A

hepatospenomegaly, microencephaly, vesicles, eye lesions,

26
Q

will indicate poor prognosis in neonatal herpes

A

neurological signs

27
Q

microscopic findings of herpes lesions

A

multinucleated giant cells in tzank smears and intranuclear inclusion bodies

28
Q

4 ways to lab diagnose HSV

A

Microscopy
Cell culture (immunoflorence or DNA assay)
PCR
Serology

29
Q

standard anti-herpes viral drug

A

acyclovir

30
Q

target of acyclovir

A

thymadine kinase

31
Q

MOA of acyclovir

A

nucleoside analog, causes errors in DNA replication or RNA transcription or indirect inhibition od DNA polymerase

32
Q

used against acyclovir resistant HSV

A

foscarnet

33
Q

why anti-virals cannot eradicate latent infection

A

no DNA replication during that time

34
Q

main route of VZV transmission

A

respiratory

35
Q

reactivation of the latent VZV infection leads to

A

herpes zoster

36
Q

latent VZV resides in the…

A

sensory root ganglion

37
Q

sx of varicella

A

malise, skin rash, anorexia, listlessness

38
Q

adults with varicella may develop

A

VZV pneumotitis

39
Q

congenital varicella may lead to

A

skin scarringm hypoplastic limbs, eye abnormalities and CNS involvement

40
Q

most significant clincal problem with herpes zoster

A

post-herpetic neuralgia

41
Q

syndrome from kids taking aspirin during chicken pox

A

Reye’s

42
Q

recommended age for herpes zoster vaccination

A

60 and older

43
Q

drug treatment for adult varicella and zoster

A

acyclovir

CNS I (36 decks)

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