memory models

Question 1

why is memory important

Answer 1

-to interpret info when it comes to previous experiences
-determining the motor programme we are going to use to implement actions

Question 2

what did atkinson and shiffren create

Answer 2

the multi-store model of memory process

Question 3

what are the three stages of remebering info

Answer 3

encoding
storage
retrieval

Question 4

what is encoding

Answer 4

the conversion of info into codes called visual, auditory and semantic codes

-remember essential info

Question 5

what is storage

Answer 5

the retention of info over period of time

Question 6

what is retrieval

Answer 6

the recovery of info that has been stored

Question 7

what are the three stores in MSMM

Answer 7

short term sensory store
short term memory
long term memory

Question 8

what is the capacity and duration of short term sensory store

Answer 8

limitless capacity

1 second duration

Question 9

what is the capacity and duration of short term memory

Answer 9

7+/-2 pieces

30 sec duration

Question 10

what is the capacity and duration of long term memory

Answer 10

limitless capacity and duration

Question 11

how can short term memory be increased

Answer 11

by chunking similar info together

Question 12

how does info move from sensory store to short term

Answer 12

attention

Question 13

how does info move from short to long term

Answer 13

ST –> LT = rehearsal

ST <– LT = retrieval

Question 14

what is selective attention

Answer 14

relevant info is filtered through into short term and irrelevant info is forgotten

Question 15

where does selective attention take place

Answer 15

short-term sensory store

Question 16

advantages of multi store memory model

Answer 16

-simple to understand
-explains how an individual can live with large amount of info
-if infor is repeated/chunked it is more likely to be stored in LTM

Question 17

disadvantages of multi store memory model

Answer 17

-model is too simple and hasn’t been proven
-doesn’t account for individual differences in duration and capacity

Question 18

what did craik and lockhart create

Answer 18

level of processing model

Question 19

what is the level of processing model

Answer 19

how deeply we consider or process information dictates how long the memory lasts

information is received by the brain and transferred to the long term memory and remembered if 3 steps happen

Question 20

what are the three steps of craik and lockharts model

Answer 20

structural
phonetic
semantic

Question 21

what are the three levels of craik and lockharts levels of processing model

Answer 21

structural
phonetic
semantic

Question 22

structural

Answer 22

least effective

‘looks like’

eg demonstration of somersault

Question 23

phonetic

Answer 23

shallow/intermediate

‘sounds like’

eg verbal guidance and telling someone how to somersault

Question 24

semantic

Answer 24

deeply understood - good recall and understanding

‘means’ - understood and meaning

explains why something is important
eg why faster rotational speed means a more successful somersault

Question 25

advantages of craik and lockhards levles of processing model

Answer 25

-explains that we understand info, we are likely to remember it
-longer we consider and analyse info the more we remember it

Question 26

disadvantages of craik and lockhards levles of processing model

Answer 26

-the longer it takes to process info does not always lead to better recall
-it is difficult to know what ‘deep’ processing involves
-it does not take into account individual differences

Question 27

3 factors that affect memory using craik and lockharts model

Answer 27

-memory affected by how much consideration is given to the info
-whether the info is understood
-whether the info has meaning