Attitudes Flashcards
what is an attitude
a tendency to act a particular way towards something or someone in a person’s environment
what is a positive attitude called
favouritism
what is a negative attitude called
prejudice
example of favouritism
positive attitude towards training as its enjoyable and believes it benefits performance
example of prejudice
negative attitude towards women’s weightlifting as they believe it to be suited to men
what are the components of attitude
triadic model
Cognitive component
Affective component
Behavioural component
what is the cogntive component
the belief of knowledge a person has about the attitude object
eg running helps to improve my cardio-vascular system
what is the affective component
the emotional aspect of attitude - whether the attitude objects gives us a good feeling
enjoyment produces positive feeling
eg i enjoy the physical feeling when i run
what is the behavioural component
the response or behaviour toward the attitude object
if the cognitive and affective components are positive, the response to the attitude object will be positive
eg i believe running has fitness benefits and the activity is enjoyable - therefore i will run
why is changing attitudes important
key tool for pe teacher or coach
if you can convince someone that exercise is fun they are more likely to give it a go
methods of attitude changes
persuasive communication PRMS
persuader
recipient
message
situation
PRMS what is persuader
this person needs to have a high status
eg the coach of the team
PRMS what is recipient
an attitude is easily changed if the recipient really wants to change
eg player understands why change is needed
PRMS what is message
needs to be presented in a way that makes the player want to change
eg you have the skill to perform this tactic
PRMS what is situation
attitudes are changed more easily if other persuaders are present
eg team mebers provide encouragement
methods of attitude change: cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957)
change one component of CAB - change whole attitude
what is cognitive dissonance
when one component of attitude is changed and causes psychological discord or conflict.
become uncertain and emotionally unsettled or in ‘two minds’
why is cognitive dissonance good
a person is motivated to restore balance between the attitude components
example of changing cognitive component
changing belief or knowledge about the attitude object
eg learning to swim helps to keep you safe
example of changing affective component
changing emotions or feelings
eg learning to swim with toys if fun and the water in the learner pool is warm and shallow
how are attitudes formed
they are learned rather than innate
from past experiences
why may people have positive attitudes
-they value exercise
-they enjoy the activities or competition
-they are good at it
-participation is a social norm
why may people have negative attitides
-its harmful
-dislike the experience
-lack physical skills
-scared of the activity
