Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Encoding type

A

Semantic, visual, auditory, etc

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2
Q

Priming

A

the effect of context on our ability to perceive stimuli

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3
Q

Negative priming

A

inhibits the processing of subsequent stimuli

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4
Q

Chunking

A

A complex stimulus is broken down into smaller components

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5
Q

Mnemonics

A

EX) LEO goes GER

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6
Q

Method of loci

A

Mentally mapping information onto an imagined space

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7
Q

Types of memory

A

sensory, short-term, long-term

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8
Q

Sensory

A

instantaneous, temporarily stored, and decays quickly

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9
Q

Long-term

A

Hours to years, not limited

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10
Q

Short-term

A

tens of seconds to minutes, small capacity

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11
Q

Working memory

A

the cognitive and attentional processes used in short term memory

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12
Q

Long-term memory subtype

A

semantic (explicit/declarative)- specific pieces of information (trivia night)
procedural memory (implicit) - how to do something (riding a bike)
Episodic- memory of experiences

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13
Q

Flashbulb memory

A

extremely vivid and detailed memories of important of our lives

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14
Q

Eidetic (photographic) memory

A

the ability to remember a stimulus in great detail after a relatively short exposure

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15
Q

Iconic memory

A

a highly-detailed visual image can remain in our perception after the stimulus itself is removed

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16
Q

Prospective memory

A

memories about plans for the future

17
Q

Recall

A

Active process

18
Q

Recognition

A

passive process, less demanding

19
Q

Primacy effect

A

easier to remember the first terms on a list

20
Q

Recency effect

A

easier to remember the last terms of a list

21
Q

Serial position effect

A

the extreme ends of a list are more favorable for recall

22
Q

Spacing effect

A

recall is more effective when the learning process is spaced out

23
Q

Duel-coding effect

A

studying multiple modalities are more effective

24
Q

State-dependent effect

A

a certain mood might promote the recall of memories that were encoded when you were in a similar mood

25
Misinformation effect
info we subsequently obtain can affect how we remember the original event
26
Reconstructive memory
we build memories based on our perceptions of ourselves and others, events, etc
27
Ebbinghaus forgetting curve
repeated rounds of learning slows down the forgetting process and consolidates more information into long-term memory
28
Interference
pro-active: old memories inhibit consolidation of new memories retroactive: new memories inhibit retrieval of old memories
29
Amnesia
losing substantial memories of experiences, periods of time, and or information
30
Retrograde amnesia
the inability to remember past events
31
Anterograde amnesia
the inability to form new memories
32
Alzheimers
majority of dementia early: forgetfulness, short-term memory loss later: amnesia, cognitive deficits, cant think or speak
33
Korsaoff's syndrome
Known for confabulation which is creating elaborate fictional stories
34
Biology of memory
synaptic connections | formation, strengthening, or loss